Available once more, this is a comprehensive, comparative literary philological examination of two enduring bodies of love poetry from the ancient Near East.

This volume completes Bible scholar Michael V. Fox's comprehensive commentary on the book of Proverbs. As in his previous volume on the early chapters of Proverbs, the author here translates and explains in accessible language the meaning and literary qualities of the sayings and poems that comprise the final chapters. He gives special attention to comparable sayings in other wisdom books, particularly from Egypt, and makes extensive use of medieval Hebrew commentaries, which have received scant attention in previous Proverb commentaries. In separate sections set in smaller type, the author addresses technical issues of text and language for interested scholars. The author's essays at the end of the commentary view the book of Proverbs in its entirety and investigate its ideas of wisdom, ethics, revelation, and knowledge. Out of Proverbs' great variety of sayings from different times, Fox shows, there emerges a unified vision of life, its obligations, and its potentials.

Bringing to life the world portrayed in the stories in Judges and Ruth, this commentary offers readers an "insider" perspective on the narratives. After establishing a cultural and literary context, Victor Matthews analyzes each episode separately and as a whole.

Widely praised as a seminal contribution to the study of the Old Testament when it first appeared, Michael V. Fox's Character and Ideology in the Book of Esther is now available in a second edition, complete with an up-to-date critical review of recent Esther scholarship. Fox's commentary, based on his own translation of the Hebrew text, captures the meaning and artistry of Esther's inspiring story. After laying out the background information essential for properly reading Esther, Fox offers commentary on the text that clearly unpacks its message and relevance. Fox also looks in depth at each character in the story of Esther, showing how they were carefully shaped by the book's author to teach readers a new view of how to live as Jews in foreign lands.

This collection of studies had its origin in the Burdick-Vary Symposium of 1986, held at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The symposium, sponsored jointly by the Institute for Research in the Humanities and the Hebrew Department of the University of Wisconsin-Madison, focused on the topic of the social role of temples in society. Participants presented the role of the temple in Sumer, Japan, the Far East, the Near East, Europe, and Meso-America. Together they sought to determine whether the temple as an institution was a single such entity, meeting fundamental human needs in similar ways throughout history, or whether the temples of various cultures are similar only in the fact that English uses the same word to refer to them.

Pervaded as it is with pessimism, paradox, and a multitude of contradictions, Ecclesiastes has long been one of the most difficult books of the Bible to understand. As this study demonstrates, however, it is precisely these contradictions that make Ecclesiastes so meaningful and so powerfully relevant to life in the world. By looking carefully at the language and thought of Ecclesiastes, as well as at its uses of contradictions in probing the meaning of life, Fox confronts the problems that have confounded interpretation of this biblical book. He shows that by using contradiction to tear down holistic claims of meaning and purpose in the world and rebuilding meaning in a local, restricted sense instead, the author of Ecclesiastes shapes a bold, honest-and ultimately uplifting-vision of life. Based on solid scholarly insight yet readable by all, Fox's work provides some of the best commentary available on this challenging section of Scripture.

As we enter the new millennium, the search for wisdom is on, with no better place to look than the book of Proverbs. It transcends the ages with timeless wisdom:
-- "The fear of the Lord is the beginning of knowledge".
-- "For the Lord grants wisdom, at his behest come knowledge and good sense".
-- "Happy the man who has found wisdom, the man who obtains good sense. For better her profit than the profit of silver, her yield than that of fine gold. More precious is she than rubies; no valuables can match her".
-- "Attend, my son, and take my words, that the years of your life may increase".

In "Proverbs 1-9", Bible scholar Michael V. Fox translates and explains the meaning of the first nine chapters of this profound book. A thorough introduction to Proverb, highlighted by an examination of the Egyptian wisdom tradition, as well as a survey of ancient Near Eastern wisdom literature, provide the basis of detailed and insightful comments. In addition to the translation and commentary proper, Fox includes several extended thematic essays and textual notes on Proverbs 1-9, covering such themes as the origins of personified wisdom, what wisdom is, and where wisdom can be found. This substantive book, the first of a two-volume set, at last accords Proverbs the depth of study it deserves, and will assure it a life in print at least as long as the original 1965 Anchor Bible Commentary, Proverbs/Ecclesiastes.

The Book of Ecclesiastes in part of the "wisdom literature" of the Bible. It concerns itself with universal philosophical questions, rather than events in the history of Israel and in the Hebrews' covenant with God. Koheleth, the speaker in this book, ruminates on what, if anything, has lasting value, and how, if at all, God interacts with humankind. Koheleth expresses bewilderment and frustration at life's absurdities and injustices. He grapples with the distortions and inequities that pervade the world, the ineffectuality of human deeds, and the frailty and limitations of human wisdom and righteousness. His awareness of these discomfiting facts coexists with a firm belief in God's rule and God's fundamental justice, and he looks for ways to define a meaningful life in a world where so much is senseless. In design, this volume parallels the other titles in the acclaimed JPS Commentary Series, with Hebrew text and the new JPS English translation at the top of the page and a critical line-by-line commentary at the bottom. Ecclesiastes is read on the Jewish holiday Sukkot, the harvest festival.