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In the 1950s, John Reber convinced many Californians that the best
way to solve the state's water shortage problem was to dam up the
San Francisco Bay. Against massive political pressure, Reber's
opponents persuaded lawmakers that doing so would lead to disaster.
They did this not by empirical measurement alone, but also through
the construction of a model. Simulation and Similarity explains why
this was a good strategy while simultaneously providing an account
of modeling and idealization in modern scientific practice. Michael
Weisberg focuses on concrete, mathematical, and computational
models in his consideration of the nature of models, the practice
of modeling, and nature of the relationship between models and
real-world phenomena.
In addition to a careful analysis of physical, computational, and
mathematical models, Simulation and Similarity offers a novel
account of the model/world relationship. Breaking with the dominant
tradition, which favors the analysis of this relation through
logical notions such as isomorphism, Weisberg instead presents a
similarity-based account called weighted feature matching. This
account is developed with an eye to understanding how modeling is
actually practiced. Consequently, it takes into account the ways in
which scientists' theoretical goals shape both the applications and
the analyses of their models.
Nobel laureate Roald Hoffmann's contributions to chemistry are well
known. Less well known, however, is that over a career that spans
nearly fifty years, Hoffmann has thought and written extensively
about a wide variety of other topics, such as chemistry's
relationship to philosophy, literature, and the arts, including the
nature of chemical reasoning, the role of symbolism and writing in
science, and the relationship between art and craft and science. In
Roald Hoffmann on the Philosophy, Art, and Science of Chemistry,
Jeffrey Kovac and Michael Weisberg bring together twenty-eight of
Hoffmann's most important essays. Gathered here are Hoffmann's most
philosophically significant and interesting essays and lectures,
many of which are not widely accessible. In essays such as "Why Buy
That Theory," "Nearly Circular Reasoning," "How Should Chemists
Think," "The Metaphor, Unchained," "Art in Science," and "Molecular
Beauty," we find the mature reflections of one of America's leading
scientists. Organized under the general headings of Chemical
Reasoning and Explanation, Writing and Communicating, Art and
Science, Education, and Ethics, these stimulating essays provide
invaluable insight into the teaching and practice of science.
Descartes once argued that, with sufficient effort and skill, a
single scientist could uncover fundamental truths about our world.
Contemporary science proves the limits of this claim. From
synthesizing the human genome to predicting the effects of climate
change, some current scientific research requires the collaboration
of hundreds (if not thousands) of scientists with various
specializations. Additionally, the majority of published scientific
research is now co-authored, including more than 80% of articles in
the natural sciences, meaning small collaborative teams have become
the norm in science. This volume is the first to address critical
philosophical questions regarding how collective scientific
research could be organized differently and how it should be
organized. For example, should scientists be required to share
knowledge with competing research teams? How can universities and
grant-giving institutions promote successful collaborations? When
hundreds of researchers contribute to a discovery, how should
credit be assigned - and can minorities expect a fair share? When
collaborative work contains significant errors or fraudulent data,
who deserves blame? In this collection of essays, leading
philosophers of science address these critical questions, among
others. Their work extends current philosophical research on the
social structure of science and contributes to the growing,
interdisciplinary field of social epistemology. The volume's
strength lies in the diversity of its authors' methodologies.
Employing detailed case studies of scientific practice,
mathematical models of scientific communities, and rigorous
conceptual analysis, contributors to this volume study scientific
groups of all kinds, including small labs, peer-review boards, and
large international collaborations like those in climate science
and particle physics.
In the 1950s, John Reber convinced many Californians that the best
way to solve the state's water shortage problem was to dam up the
San Francisco Bay. Against massive political pressure, Reber's
opponents persuaded lawmakers that doing so would lead to disaster.
They did this not by empirical measurement alone, but also through
the construction of a model. Simulation and Similarity explains why
this was a good strategy while simultaneously providing an account
of modeling and idealization in modern scientific practice. Michael
Weisberg focuses on concrete, mathematical, and computational
models in his consideration of the nature of models, the practice
of modeling, and nature of the relationship between models and
real-world phenomena. In addition to a careful analysis of
physical, computational, and mathematical models, Simulation and
Similarity offers a novel account of the model/world relationship.
Breaking with the dominant tradition, which favors the analysis of
this relation through logical notions such as isomorphism, Weisberg
instead presents a similarity-based account called weighted feature
matching. This account is developed with an eye to understanding
how modeling is actually practiced. Consequently, it takes into
account the ways in which scientists' theoretical goals shape both
the applications and the analyses of their models.
What happens when you are admitted to the hospital as a patient,
and the physician assigned to be your doctor has never seen you
before and knows absolutely nothing about you? Welcome to Medicine
in the 21st century, where the results of having a Hospitalist
instead of your own doctor can be disastrous. Specialist Dr. Aaron
Bernstein enters the world of the Hospitalist firsthand when he
confronts a schizophrenic patient who-literally-is a ticking
time-bomb. "Provocative, revealing, and riveting... Weisberg has
exposed how the patient-doctor relationship has changed in the
modern age." -Doug Ross, author of Hard Boiled Dr. Michael Weisberg
has practiced gastroenterology in Plano, Texas for 24 years. He has
been named to D Magazine's list of best doctors eight times and has
been recognized as a Super-Doctor by Texas Monthly multiple times.
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