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In Toxic Matters, Monica Seger considers two Italian environmental
disasters: an isolated factory explosion in Seveso, just north of
Milan, in 1976 and the ongoing daily toxic emissions from the Ilva
steelworks in the Apulian city of Taranto. Both have exposed
residents to high concentrations of the persistent organic
pollutant known as dioxin. Although different in terms of geography
and temporality, Seveso and Taranto are deeply united by this
nearly imperceptible substance, and by the representational
complexities it poses. They are also united by creative narrative
expressions, in literary, cinematic, and other forms, that push
back against dominant contexts and representations perpetuated by
state and industrial actors.Seger traces a dialogue between Seveso
and Taranto, exploring an interplay between bodies, soil,
industrial emissions, and the wealth of dynamic particulate matter
that passes in between. At the same time, she emphasizes the
crucial function of narrative expression for making sense of this
modern-day reality and for shifting existing power dynamics as
exposed communities exercise their voices. While Toxic Matters, is
grounded in Italian cases and texts, it looks outward to the
pressing questions of toxicity, embodiment, and storytelling faced
by communities worldwide.
Italian writer and filmmaker Gianni Celati's 1989 philosophical
travelogue Towards the River's Mouth explores perception, memory,
place and space as it recounts a series of journeys across the Po
River Valley in northern Italy. The book seeks to document the "new
Italian landscape" where divisions between the urban and rural were
being blurred into what Celati terms "a new variety of countryside
where one breathes an air of urban solitude." Celati traveled by
train, by bus, and on foot, at times with photographer Luigi
Ghirri, at others exploring on his own without predetermined
itineraries, taking notes on the places he encountered, watching
and listening to people in stations, fields, bars, houses, squares,
and hotels. In this way the book took shape as Celati traveled and
wrote, gathering and rewriting his notes into "stories of
observation" (9). Celati attempts to find meaning by seeking the
uncertain limits of our ability to discern everyday surroundings.
"Every observation," as he puts it, "needs liberate itself from the
familiar codes it carries, to go adrift in the middle of all things
not understood, in order to arrive at an outlet, where it must feel
lost." At the forefront of the then-nascent spatial turn in the
humanities, Towards the River's Mouth is a key text of what in
recent years has been variously termed literary cartography,
literary geography, and spatial poetics. Its call to carefully and
affectionately examine our surroundings while attempting to step
back from habitual ways of perceiving and moving through space, has
resonated as much with literary scholars and other writers as with
geographers and architects. By now a classic of twentieth-century
Italian literature, it has in recent years garnered increasing
attention, especially with the growth of ecocriticism and new
materialism within the environmental humanities. This edition,
translated into English for the first time, features an
introduction that places Towards the River's Mouth in the context
of Celati's other work, and a selection of ten scholarly essays by
prominent figures in comparative literature and Italian studies.
Since its economic boom in the late 1950s, Italy has grappled with
the environmental legacy of rapid industrial growth and haphazard
urban planning. One notable effect is a preponderance of
interstitial landscapes such as abandoned fields, polluted
riverbanks, and makeshift urban gardens. Landscapes in Between
analyses authors and filmmakers - Italo Calvino, Pier Paolo
Pasolini, Gianni Celati, Simona Vinci, and the duo Daniele Cipri
and Franco Maresco - who turn to these spaces as productive models
for coming to terms with the modified natural environment.
Considering the ways in which sixty years' worth of Italian
literary and cinematic representations engage in the ongoing
dialogue between nature and culture, Monica Seger contributes to
the transnational expansion of environmental humanities. Her book
also introduces an ecocritical framework to Italian studies in
English. Rejecting a stark dichotomy between human construction and
unspoilt nature, Landscapes in Between will be of interest to all
those studying the fraught relationship between humanity and
environment.
In Toxic Matters, Monica Seger considers two Italian environmental
disasters: an isolated factory explosion in Seveso, just north of
Milan, in 1976 and the ongoing daily toxic emissions from the Ilva
steelworks in the Apulian city of Taranto. Both have exposed
residents to high concentrations of the persistent organic
pollutant known as dioxin. Although different in terms of geography
and temporality, Seveso and Taranto are deeply united by this
nearly imperceptible substance, and by the representational
complexities it poses. They are also united by creative narrative
expressions, in literary, cinematic, and other forms, that push
back against dominant contexts and representations perpetuated by
state and industrial actors.Seger traces a dialogue between Seveso
and Taranto, exploring an interplay between bodies, soil,
industrial emissions, and the wealth of dynamic particulate matter
that passes in between. At the same time, she emphasizes the
crucial function of narrative expression for making sense of this
modern-day reality and for shifting existing power dynamics as
exposed communities exercise their voices. While Toxic Matters, is
grounded in Italian cases and texts, it looks outward to the
pressing questions of toxicity, embodiment, and storytelling faced
by communities worldwide.
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