To ensure food quality and safety food, professionals need a knowledge of food composition and characteristics. The analysis of food product is required for quality management throughout the developmental process including the raw materials and ingredients, but food analysis adds processing cost for food industry and consumes time for government agencies. Advances in Noninvasive Food Analysis explores the potential and recent advances in non-invasive food analysis techniques used to ensure food quality and safety. Such cost-reducing and time-saving non-destructive food analysis techniques covered include, Infrared, Raman Spectroscopy, and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. The book also covers data processing and modelling. Features: Covers the advent of non-invasive, non-destructive methods of food analysis Presents such techniques as near and mid infrared, Raman Spectroscopy, and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Describes the growing role of nanotechnology in non-invasive food analysis Includes image analysis and data processing and modelling required to sort out the data The prime for this book are food professionals working in industry, control authorities and research organizations that ensure food quality and safety as well as libraries of universities with substantial food science programs, food companies and food producers with research and development departments. Also available in the Contemporary Food Engineering series: Advances in Food Bioproducts, Fermentation Engineering and Bioprocessing Technologies , edited by Monica Lizeth Chavez Gonzalez, Nagamani Balagurusamy, Christobal N. Aguilar (ISBN 9781138544222) Advances in Vinegar Production, edited by Argyro Bekatorou (ISBN 9780815365990) Innovative Technologies in Seafood Processing, edited by Yesim Ozogul (ISBN 9780815366447)

The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, is one of the famous model system used to understand various aspects of life. This is largely due to several reasons like its short life cycle, easy handling, fully sequenced genome and a wide array of available tools. These important genetics tools exploited are discussed in this book to unravel the biological mysteries of growth and metabolism. The evolutionary conserved insulin and nutrient signaling network is centered on TOR kinase. The TOR kinase and its substrate S6 kinase (S6K) orchestrate cell-autonomous and hormone-controlled growth and also controls the metabolism. The author beautifully describes a genome wide RNAi screen for novel regulators of steroidogenesis, lipid metabolism and dS6K-dependent growth. He presents a novel protein-protein interaction growth network in Drosophila and, through molecular data he shows that archipelago (ago), a component of an SCF-ubiquitin ligase known to regulate the degradation of dMyc, Cyclin E and Notch, regulates dS6K degradation. This book emphasizes the importance of the saturating screening strategies to identify novel regulators of the signaling pathways in Drosophila.

Water is an important life-supporting resource and is essential for food production. The continued decrease in supply of irrigation water has diverted the attention of researchers towards finding new ways for efficient irrigation management. Present study investigates the effect of compost admixture technology on the infiltration and flow properties of water on borders. Field water advance rate was measured and SIRMOD model was used to simulate irrigation performance and the results are presented in this book. This book certainly enhance learning among researcher, scientists, students and farm mangers and helps planning research studies. The author appreciate the efforts of Barthlemy Chaton and his team in facilitating and highly acknowledge publishing of it by LAMBERT Publishing House for technical knowledge sharing internationally.

This book is concern with the rate of infestation of intestinal helminth parasites in sheeps of Peshawar. Which shows the effect of these parasites on the health of sheep. Sheep is a very important and valuable animal in our society. Most of the sheeps lose its weight and value due high burden of worms. You will find the way of transmission of worms from one animal to another. How can we deworm these parasites and valuate our sheeps? Different and common helminth parasites and there effects on different lifestyle of sheeps, can be easily known. Most of the sheeps owner may be intense with the rapidly loss of their sheep's health and economic value. Do not miss the recommendations which are too much essential for sheep owners. Be careful that the parasites use the prepared nutrition, from the blood, of their hosts. Best of Luck

For a century, one of the most famous problems in mathematics was to prove the four-color theorem.In 1912, George Birkhoff proposed a way to tackling the four-color conjecture by introduce a function P(M, t), defined for all positive integer t, to be the number of proper t-colorings of a map M. This function P(M, t)in fact a polynomial in t is called chromatic polynomial of M. If one could prove that P(M, 4)>0 for all maps M, then this would give a positive answer to the four-color problem. In this book, we have proved the following results: (1)Recursive form of the chromatic polynomials of hypertree, Centipede hypergraph, elementary cycle, Sunlet hypergraph, Pan hypergraph, Duth Windmill hypergraph, Multibridge hypergraph, Generalized Hyper-Fan, Hyper-Fan, Generalized Hyper-Ladder and Hyper-Ladder and also prove that these hypergraphs are not chromatically uniquein the class of sperenian hypergraphs. (2)Tree form and Null graph representation of the chromatic polynomials of elementary cycle, uni-cyclic hypergraph and sunflower hypergrpah. (3)Generalization of a result proved by Read for graphs to hypergraphs and prove that these kinds of hypergraphs are not chromatically unique.

Composite stiffened panels have been used in aerospace industries for past decades. Due to light weight nature composite panels are prone to buckling. In this study buckling load for Ortho-grid panel and Iso-grid panel is determined. This was accomplished by developing a composite laminate for both skin and stiffener using MSC PATRAN/NASTRAN was used for linear buckling analysis of composite panels. The buckling loads of two panels were determined based on finite element analysis results, including geometric dimension, thickness of the skin, number of laminae, ply stacking sequence, thickness and height of stiffener. Parametric studies of general grid stiffened panel was conducted using skin thickness, stiffener thickness and stiffener height as design variables. Conclusions drawn from these results are presented. All three buckling modes appeared and maximum buckling load was observed in skin buckling mode for Iso-grid panel.

Modal parameters of spacecraft structures are important indicators of their dynamic characteristics which can be used for vibration reduction and control. In the present research modal parameters of a rocket are identified by using continuous wavelet transformation. The advantages of the wavelet transformation for the modal parameters identification over other methods is study. Through finite element method transient dynamic response of a system is determined then continuous wavelet transformation is applied to find the modal parameters like modal frequency, mode shapes and damping ratio.

Numerical simulations of sheet metal forming process based on finite element method (FEM) is widely applied for its powerful capability in forming process prediction. Since there are parameters which could affect the result of forming process, it becomes important to approach a set of parameters to improve the formability. In the present work, first, a comprehensive literature review was made for different optimization methodologies in sheet metal forming process. Then we proposed an optimization methodology using Response Surface methodology (RSM) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) for the optimization of sheet metal forming process, and the theory of RSM and GA are illustrated. The presented method was first applied to an example from literature, the results verified the feasibility of the proposed methodology. Then the methodology was applied to variable binder force optimization of the NUMISHEET'93 2D draw bending problem. The work indicated that the proposed optimization methodology is efficient and universal, which means it can also be applied in other applications of aerospace industry.