This volume documents the internal orders given by SS camp commanders to the guards of Auschwitz. Issued as hectographs, very few orders survived, scattered through German, Polish and Russian archives and have been largely disregarded by researchers until now. However, the sheer abundance of detail they offer renders them both an impressive witness to 'every day life' of the SS at the very scene of mass extermination and a significant source for the history of the Holocaust.

This volume contains contributions on selected aspects of camp policy in the 'Third Reich'. Aided by the opening of Eastern European archives, new questions and research perspectives have been presented, ranging from the structure of the 'society of prisoners' and the conditions of the policy of systematic extermination in the occupied East to the awareness of these crimes within the German society.

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Of all the aspects of recovery in postwar Germany perhaps none was as critical or as complicated as the matter of dealing with Nazi criminals, and, more broadly, with the Nazi past. While on the international stage German officials spoke with contrition of their nation's burden of guilt, at home questions of responsibility and retribution were not so clear. In this masterful examination of Germany under Adenauer, Norbert Frei shows that, beginning in 1949, the West German government dramatically reversed the denazification policies of the immediate postwar period and initiated a new "Vergangenheitspolitik," or "policy for the past," which has had enormous consequences reaching into the present.

Adenauer's Germany and the Nazi Past chronicles how amnesty laws for Nazi officials were passed unanimously and civil servants who had been dismissed in 1945 were reinstated liberally -- and how a massive popular outcry led to the release of war criminals who had been condemned by the Allies. These measures and movements represented more than just the rehabilitation of particular individuals. Frei argues that the amnesty process delegitimized the previous political expurgation administered by the Allies and, on a deeper level, served to satisfy the collective psychic needs of a society longing for a clean break with the unparalleled political and moral catastrophe it had undergone in the 1940s. Thus the era of Adenauer devolved into a scandal-ridden period of reintegration at any cost. Frei's work brilliantly and chillingly explores how the collective will of the German people, expressed through mass allegiance to new consensus-oriented democratic parties, cast off responsibility for the horrors of the war and Holocaust, effectively silencing engagement with the enormities of the Nazi past.

Alfons Labisch, Florian Tennstedt, Gesundheitsamt oder Amt fur Volksgesundheit? Zur Entwicklung des offentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes seit 1933 Adelheit Grafin zu Castell Rudenhausen, Kommunale Gesundheitspolitik in der Zwischenkriegszeit. Sozialhygiene am Beispiel Gelsenkirchens Paul Weindling, "Mustergau" Thuringen. Rassenhygiene zwischen Ideologie und Machtpolitik Fridolf Kudlin, Fursorge und Rigorismus. Uberlegungen zur arztlichen Normalitat im Dritten Reich Ulrich Knodler, Von der Reform zum Raubbau. Arbeitsmedizin, Leistungsmedizin, Kontrollmedizin Benno Muller-Hill, Selektion. Die Wissenschaft von der biologischen Auslese des Menschen durch Menschen Willi Dressen, Volker Riess, Ausbeutung und Vernichtung. Gesundheitspolitik im Generalgouvernement Ekkehart Guth, Militararzte und Sanitatsdienst im Dritten Reich. Ein Uberblick Hans Ludwig Siemen, Reform und Radikalisierung. Veranderungen der Psychiatrie in der Weltwirtschaftskrise Achim Thom, Kriegsopfer der Psychiatrie. Das Beispiel der Heil- und Pflegeanstalten Sachsen Bernd Walter, Anstaltsleben als Schicksal. Die nationalsozialistische Erb- und Rassenpflege an Psychiatriepatienten Kurt Nowak, Widerstand, Zustimmung, Hinnahme. Das Verhalten der Bevolkerung zur "Euthanasie" Ralf Seidel, Thorsten Suesse, Werkzeuge der Vernichtung. Zum Verhalten von Verwaltungsbeamten und Arzten bei der "Euthanasie" Dirk Blasius, Die "Maskerade des Bosen." Psychiatrische Forschung in der NS-Zeit Klaus Dorner, Psychiatrie und soziale Frage. Pladoyer fur eine erweiterte Psychiatrie-Geschichtsschreibung Hans-Walter Schmuhl, Sterilisation, "Euthanasie," "Endlosung." Erbgesundheitspoliktik unter den Bedingungen charismatischer Herrschaft"