In diesem Band solI versucht werden, das Gebiet der geistigen Behinderung fiir Psychologen, Mediziner und Padagogen sowie fiir die in verwandten Berufen Arbeitenden zu umreiBen und neue Entwicldungen in der Vor- beugung, Behandlung und Rehabilitationsarbeit darzustellen. Die Wahl des Ausdrucks "geistige Behinderung" anstelle des iiblichen Begriffs "Schwachsinn" deutet den Wandel in der Einstellung zu diesem Thema an, der sich in den letzten zehn J ahren vollzogen hat. Der dargestellte Stoff ist immer noch Stiefkind der Ausbildung des Medi- ziners und Psychologen, und auch in der Ausbildung des Padagogen werden nur Teilgebiete unter den Themen der Heilpadagogik und Sonderpadago- gik gestreift. Dieser Band versucht, einen Oberblick iiber das Gesamtgebiet zu geben - von den Grundlagen bis zu den angewandten Problemen. Die vor allem in der englischen Literatur veroffentlichten, systematisch voran- getriebenen Forschungsarbeiten iiber die geistige Behinderung werden be- sonders beriicksichtigt und mit deutschen Arbeiten verglichen. Das Buch ist aus der praktischen Arbeit mit geistig Behinderten und ihren Eltem wahrend der letzten 20 Jahre entstanden. In den letzten sieben J ahren wurde das Material auch in einer zweisemestrigen Vorlesung mit Obungen und Praktika benutzt. Fiir unzahlige Anregungen bin ich meinen Studenten und vor allem den behinderten Kindem und Jugendlichen und ihren Eltem dankbar. Victoria, B. C., Kanada Otfried Spreen Inhaltsverzeichnis A. Einfiihrung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1. Definition ..................... . 2 2. 1st der Begriff der geistigen Behinderung notwendig? 5 3. Epidemiologie ....... . 6 4. Historische Vorbemerkungen 11 5. Forschung ....... . 12 B. Psycllologische Klassifizienmg . . . . . . . . .

In this book, Spreen and Risser present a comprehensive, critical review of available methods for the assessment of aphasia and related disorders in adults and children. The authors explore test instruments and approaches that have been used traditionally for the diagnosis of aphasia, ranging from bedside screening and ratings, to tests of specific aspects of language, and to comprehensive and psychometrically standardised aphasia batteries. Coverage of other methods reflects newer trends, including the areas of functional communication, testing of bilingual patients, psycholinguistic approaches, and pragmatic and discourse-related aspects of language in everyday life. The authors also examine the expansion of language assessment to individuals with non-aphasic neurological disorders, such as patients with traumatic brain injury, lesions of the right hemisphere, the healthy elderly, and individuals with dementia. Taking a flexible and empirical approach to the assessment process in their own clinical practice, Spreen and Risser review numerous test instruments and their source for professionals and students-in-training to choose from in their own use. The introductory chapters cover the history of aphasia assessment, a basic outline of subtypes of aphasia, both neuro-anatomically and psycholinguistically, and the basic psychometric requirements for assessment instruments. The final part discusses issues in general clinical practice, specifically questions of test selection and interpretation. The book is a thorough and practical resource for speech and language pathologists, neuropsychologists, and their students and trainees.

This book provides the broadest, most detailed survey of child neuropsychology available today. The first part offers a brief introdution to the development of the nervous system, including an up-to-date review of theories of lateralisation and sex differences. Part II covers newborn and infant assessment, critical periods, disconnection syndromes and other relevant issues in developmental neuropsychology. PartIII discusses in detail disorders of development such as anoxia, malnutrition, and head trauma. Part IV deals with functional disturbances, including neurological soft signs, attentional disorders, language disorders and emotional and behavioural disorders. The second edition has been thoroughly revised and updated. It includes new discussion of such conditions as infant HIV infection and Tourette's syndrome, as well as new chapters on newborn and infant assessment and on cognitive development in relation to brain functions.

Over ten years have passed since the publication of the first edition of this invaluable manual for administering, scoring and interpreting the results of these world-renowned neuropsychological tests. Developed by Arthur Benton at the University of Iowa, the tests are used in a wide variety of clinical and research contexts and, since 1983, many new findings have been generated. This thoroughly updated second edition summarizes this research and adds normative data on new populations including children and the elderly.