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Cancer care is undergoing a radical transformation as novel
technologies are directed toward new treatments and personalized
medicine. The most dramatic advances in the treatment of cancer
have come from therapeutics that augment the immune response to
tumors. The immune checkpoint inhibitors are the best-known and
most highly advanced examples of Immune Therapeutics targeting
tumor cells and include approved antibody drugs directed at the
cell surface proteins CTLA4 and PD-1. These are now considered
foundational treatments for several solid tumor indications, and
that list of indications is growing quickly. More broadly,
antibodies have become workhorse molecules across the entire
immunotherapy landscape. Antibodies to novel targets modulate the
activity of diverse immune cell regulatory proteins. Engineered
antibodies can induce tumor cell death or expose tumor cells to
poisonous toxins (ADCC and ADC, respectively). Bi-specific
antibodies can engage multiple tumor targets simultaneously, or can
redirect lymphocytes to attack tumor cells. The antigen-binding
domains within antibodies can be spliced onto cell stimulatory
domains and transduced into T cells or NK cells, creating
remarkable tumor-specific cellular therapeutics (CAR-T, CAR-NK).
Beyond antibody-based therapies there are highly diverse and
differentiated technology tool kits being applied to immunotherapy.
Small molecule drugs are being developed to attack the tumor
microenvironment, novel tumor vaccine approaches are showing great
promise, patient lymphocytes are being isolated, expanded and
reintroduced to patients, gene-editing techniques are becoming
widely deployed, and a vast number of new tumor targets, and
mutated tumor proteins (neoantigens), are being discovered. The
past decade has seen unprecedented success in the treatment of
diverse cancers. The authors of this volume have been asked to not
only review progress to date, but importantly, to look ahead, and
anticipate the evolution of cancer treatment across diverse Immune
Therapeutic approaches. Our hypothesis is that the advances we are
seeing across the immunotherapy landscape will further evolve and
synergize, leading us finally to outright cures for many cancers.
Cancer care is undergoing a radical transformation as novel
technologies are directed toward new treatments and personalized
medicine. The most dramatic advances in the treatment of cancer
have come from therapeutics that augment the immune response to
tumors. The immune checkpoint inhibitors are the best-known and
most highly advanced examples of Immune Therapeutics targeting
tumor cells and include approved antibody drugs directed at the
cell surface proteins CTLA4 and PD-1. These are now considered
foundational treatments for several solid tumor indications, and
that list of indications is growing quickly. More broadly,
antibodies have become workhorse molecules across the entire
immunotherapy landscape. Antibodies to novel targets modulate the
activity of diverse immune cell regulatory proteins. Engineered
antibodies can induce tumor cell death or expose tumor cells to
poisonous toxins (ADCC and ADC, respectively). Bi-specific
antibodies can engage multiple tumor targets simultaneously, or can
redirect lymphocytes to attack tumor cells. The antigen-binding
domains within antibodies can be spliced onto cell stimulatory
domains and transduced into T cells or NK cells, creating
remarkable tumor-specific cellular therapeutics (CAR-T, CAR-NK).
Beyond antibody-based therapies there are highly diverse and
differentiated technology tool kits being applied to immunotherapy.
Small molecule drugs are being developed to attack the tumor
microenvironment, novel tumor vaccine approaches are showing great
promise, patient lymphocytes are being isolated, expanded and
reintroduced to patients, gene-editing techniques are becoming
widely deployed, and a vast number of new tumor targets, and
mutated tumor proteins (neoantigens), are being discovered. The
past decade has seen unprecedented success in the treatment of
diverse cancers. The authors of this volume have been asked to not
only review progress to date, but importantly, to look ahead, and
anticipate the evolution of cancer treatment across diverse Immune
Therapeutic approaches. Our hypothesis is that the advances we are
seeing across the immunotherapy landscape will further evolve and
synergize, leading us finally to outright cures for many cancers.
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