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This is the fifth volume of The NEBI Yearbook, whose aim it is to provide a balanced picture of integration in the North European and Baltic Sea areas. The special focus of NEBI 2003 is to survey the lessons learned and the experience gained as a result of a decade of intensive pan-Baltic and Barents co-operation made possible as a result of the collapse of the Soviet Union. Like the previous volumes, NEBI 2003 contains a unique Statistical Section covering the entire NEBI area.
First published in 1998, this book reflects a concern for
Kaliningrad. Too little is known about the region, developments in
recent years have not been sufficiently covered and it is rarely
integrated, in terms of analysis, with the way post-Cold War Europe
is viewed more generally.
First published in 1998, this book reflects a concern for
Kaliningrad. Too little is known about the region, developments in
recent years have not been sufficiently covered and it is rarely
integrated, in terms of analysis, with the way post-Cold War Europe
is viewed more generally.
Bjllrn Tore Godal Norwegian Ambassador to Germany Chairman of the
Editorial Advisory Board Several of the contributions to the
present volume of The NEBI Yearbook have been inspired by the fact
that roughly speaking, ten years have passed since the first steps
were taken to initiate cross-border co-operation in the Barents and
Baltic Sea areas. One of the most important co-operative
organisations in the European Northeast, i. e. The Council of the
Baltic Sea States, was launched in 1992. The Barents Euro Arctic
Council was established in 1993. An avalanche of co-operative and
cross-border initiatives has since hit this part of Europe with all
kinds of actors participating - states, regional and municipal
authorities, univer sities, national organisations, businesses and
private interests. Even international organisations and actors from
outside the immediate NEBI area have taken a special interest in
this dynamic part of the world. Among the most important is the
European Union, whose Finnish-inspired Northern Dimension
initiative has become a permanent fixture. As many of the chapters
in NEBI 2003 testifY, integration in the NEB I area - across old
political and ideological borders and cultural and socio-economic
divides that are among the most pronounced anywhere in the world -
has on the whole been a great success."
Vicarious identification, or "living through another" is a familiar
social-psychological concept. Shaped by insecurity and a lack of
self-fulfilment, it refers to the processes by which actors gain a
sense of self-identity, purpose, and self-esteem through
appropriating the achievements and experiences of others. As this
book argues, it is also an under-appreciated and increasingly
relevant strategy of international relations. According to this
theory, states identify and establish special relationships with
other nations (often in an aspirational way) in order to strengthen
their sense of self, security, and status on the global stage. This
identification is also central to the politics of citizenship and
can be manipulated by states to justify their global ambitions. For
example, why might the United States look at Israel as a model for
its own foreign policies? What shaped the politics of Brexit and
why is the United Kingdom so attached to its transatlantic "special
relationship" with the United States? And, why did Denmark so
enthusiastically ally with the United States during the global War
on Terror? Vicarious identity, as the authors argue, is at the core
of these international dynamics. Vicarious Identity in
International Relations examines the ways in which vicarious
identity is relevant to global politics: across individuals;
between citizens and states; and across states, regional
communities, or civilizations. It looks at a range of cases (the
United States, the United Kingdom, and Denmark), which illustrate
that vicarious political identity is dynamic and emerges in
different contexts, but particularly when nations face crisis, both
internally and externally. In addition, the book outlines a
qualitative methodology for analyzing vicarious identity at the
collective level.
The first authoritative account concerning the lack of conflict in
the Nordic region, this text evaluates why the area is more
peaceful than the rest of Europe and whether there is a lesson to
be learned from the area. Looking at cases where parts of the
Nordic area have started to break away from the others and how this
was achieved without violence, it also explores the settlement of
demarcation disputes. By using this region as an example for the
rest of Europe, this book tests the hypothesis of the Nordic Peace
using a number of approaches including historical, political
science, peace research, sociology and law. This highly insightful
piece of research is relevant for courses in international
relations and European studies.
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