Ortwin Renn Thomas Wehler Peter Wiedemann In late July of 1992 the small and remote mountain resort of Morschach in the Swiss Alps became a lively place of discussion, debate, and discourse. Over a three-day period twenty-two analysts and practitioners of public participation from the United States and Europe came together to address one of the most pressing issues in contemporary environmental politics: How can environmental policies be designed in a way that achieves both effective protection of nature and an adequate representation of public values? In other words, how can we make the environmental decision process competent and fair? All the invited scholars from academia, international research institutes, and governmental agencies agreed on one fundamental principle: For environmental policies to be effective and legitimate, we need to involve the people who are or will be affected by the outcomes of these policies. There is no technocratic solution to this problem. Without public involvement, environmental policies are doomed to fail. The workshop was preceded by a joint effort by the three editors to develop a framework for evaluating different models of public participation in the environmental policy arena. During a preliminary review of the literature we made four major observations. These came to serve as the primary motivation for this book. First, the last decade has witnessed only a fair amount of interest within the sociological or political science communities in issues of public participation.

Ortwin Renn Thomas Wehler Peter Wiedemann In late July of 1992 the small and remote mountain resort of Morschach in the Swiss Alps became a lively place of discussion, debate, and discourse. Over a three-day period twenty-two analysts and practitioners of public participation from the United States and Europe came together to address one of the most pressing issues in contemporary environmental politics: How can environmental policies be designed in a way that achieves both effective protection of nature and an adequate representation of public values? In other words, how can we make the environmental decision process competent and fair? All the invited scholars from academia, international research institutes, and governmental agencies agreed on one fundamental principle: For environmental policies to be effective and legitimate, we need to involve the people who are or will be affected by the outcomes of these policies. There is no technocratic solution to this problem. Without public involvement, environmental policies are doomed to fail. The workshop was preceded by a joint effort by the three editors to develop a framework for evaluating different models of public participation in the environmental policy arena. During a preliminary review of the literature we made four major observations. These came to serve as the primary motivation for this book. First, the last decade has witnessed only a fair amount of interest within the sociological or political science communities in issues of public participation.

Through six outstanding and award-winning editions, Ryan's Retina has offered unsurpassed coverage of this complex subspecialty-everything from basic science through the latest research, therapeutics, technology, and surgical techniques. The fully revised 7th Edition, edited by Drs. SriniVas R. Sadda, Andrew P. Schachat, Charles P. Wilkinson, David R. Hinton, Peter Wiedemann, K. Bailey Freund, and David Sarraf, continues the tradition of excellence, balancing the latest scientific research and clinical correlations and covering everything you need to know on retinal diagnosis, treatment, development, structure, function, and pathophysiology. More than 300 global contributors share their knowledge and expertise to create the most comprehensive reference available on retina today. Features sweeping content updates, including new insights into the fundamental pathogenic mechanisms of age-related macular degeneration, advances in imaging including OCT angiography and intraoperative OCT, new therapeutics for retinal vascular disease and AMD, novel immune-based therapies for uveitis, and the latest in instrumentation and techniques for vitreo-retinal surgery.  Includes five new chapters covering Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Imaging Analysis, Pachychoroid Disease and Its Association with Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy, Retinal Manifestations of Neurodegeneration, Microbiome and Retinal Disease, and OCT-Angiography.  Includes more than 50 video clips (35 new to this edition) highlighting the latest surgical techniques, imaging guidance, and coverage of complications of vitreoretinal surgery. New videos cover Scleral Inlay for Recurrent Optic Nerve Pit Masculopathy, Trauma with Contact Lens, Recurrent Retinal Detachment due to PVR, Asteroid Hyalosis, and many more.     Contains more than 2,000 high-quality images (700 new to this edition) including anatomical illustrations, clinical and surgical photographs, diagnostic imaging, decision trees, and graphs.    Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices. 

The Fovea: Structure, Function, Development, and Disease summarizes the current biological knowledge regarding the two types of the vertebrate fovea (and its main structural elements, the Muller cells). This information is then used to explain different aspects of human vision, foveal development, and macular disorders. Sections give an overview of the retinal structure and the different types of retinal glia, survey the structure and function of the primate and non-mammalian fovea types, discuss foveal development-with a focus on the human fovea, cover the roles of Muller cells and astrocytes in the pathogenesis and regeneration of various human macular disorders are described. Using a translational approach, this reference is a valuable text for scientists, clinicians and physicians interested in the fovea. Readers will gain a new understanding of the cellular basics of the fovea, which is the most important part of the eye.

Das vorliegende Buch ist in den Jahren 1988-1990 im Rahmen der Programm gruppe "Mensch-Umwelt-Technik" des Forschungszentrums Julich entstanden. Diese sozialwissenschaftlich orientierte Gruppe befasst sich seit 1988 mit der Analyse der Bedingungen, Probleme und Moeglichkeiten der Kommunikation uber technikbedingte Risiken. Angesichts des vielfaltigen Gebrauchs und der oft unklaren Konturen des Risiko-Begriffes in der wissenschaftlichen und gesellschaftlichen Risiko-Debatte stellte sich die Gruppe die Aufgabe, die Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede der Risiko-Kommunikation in verschiedenen, kontrovers diskutierten Technikberei chen zu untersuchen. Dazu wurden Experten in den Bereichen Gentechnik, Chemie, Kerntechnik, Informations- und Kommunikationstechnik sowie im Be reich der Klimaforschung beauftragt, das Problem der Risiko-Kommunikation in ihrem jeweiligen Bereich in einer Expertise aufzuarbeiten und zusammenfassend darzustellen. Diese Expertisen wurden in der Programmgruppe MUT ausfuhrlich diskutiert und einem systematischen Vergleich unterzogen. Das vorliegende Buch prasentiert die Ergebnisse; zum einen die funf Expertisen selbst, zum anderen drei vergleichende Analysen zu Themen, Akteuren und Stra tegien der Risiko-Kommunikation. Wir hoffen, dass das Buch selbst einen Beitrag zur Verbesserung der wissenschaftlichen und gesellschaftlichen Kommunikation uber Risiken leistet. Wir danken den Autoren der Expertisen fur ihre Geduld und ihre Kooperation sowie Herrn Hans Ulrich Stegelmann und Frau Waltraud Freier-Linder fur die Bearbeitung des Manuskripts.

Neue Technologien, deren Risikopotenziale noch im Dunkeln liegen, losen oftmals Angste und Befurchtungen aus. Ist das Vorsorgeprinzip geeignet, damit umzugehen? Mit dieser Frage befasst sich das vorliegende Buch. Auf der Basis empirischer Forschung wird gezeigt, dass das vorsorgende Risikomanagement alle ideologischen Sehnsuchte abweisen muss. Erst evidenz-basierte Informations- und Kommunikationsstrategien bieten einen tragfahigen Ansatz, um fatale Fehler zu vermeiden.