This book contains the proceedings of the 23rd International Workshop on Operator Theory and its Applications (IWOTA2012), which was held at the University of New South Wales (Sydney, Australia) from 16 July to 20 July 2012. It includes twelve articles presenting both surveys of current research in operator theory and original results."

The main purpose of this book is to present emerging neuroimaging data in order to define the role of primary and secondary structural and hemodynamic disturbances in different phases of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to analyze the potential of diffusion tensor MRI, tractography and CT perfusion imaging in evaluating the dynamics of TBI. The authors present a new MRI classification of brain stem and hemispheric cortical/subcortical damage localization that is of significant prognostic value. New data are provided regarding the pathogenesis and dynamics of diffuse and focal brain injuries and qualitative and quantitative changes in the brain white matter tracts. It is shown that diffuse axonal injury can be considered a clinical model of multidimensional "split brain" with commissural, association and projection fiber disorders. The book will be of interest for neuroradiologists, neurosurgeons, neurologists and others with an interest in the subject.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Reachability Problems, RP 2018, held in Marseille, France, in September 2018. The 11 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 21 submissions. The papers cover topics such as reachability for infinite state systems; rewriting systems; reachability analysis in counter/timed/cellular/communicating automata; Petri nets; computational aspects of semigroups, groups, and rings; reachability in dynamical and hybrid systems; frontiers between decidable and undecidable reachability problems; complexity and decidability aspects; predictability in iterative maps, and new computational paradigms.

This book contains the proceedings of the 23rd International Workshop on Operator Theory and its Applications (IWOTA 2012), which was held at the University of New South Wales (Sydney, Australia) from 16 July to 20 July 2012. It includes twelve articles presenting both surveys of current research in operator theory and original results.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Reachability Problems, RP 2014, held in Oxford, UK, in September 2014. The 17 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 25 submissions. The book also contains a paper summarizing the invited talk. The papers offer new approaches for the modelling and analysis of computational processes by combining mathematical, algorithmic, and computational techniques.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Reachability Problems, RP 2013, held in Uppsala, Sweden, in September 2013. The 19 revised papers (The 14 revised papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 24 submissions in addition to 5 invited talks) were carefully reviewed and selected from 24 submissions. Topics of interest include reachability for finite state systems; rewriting systems, reachability analysis in counter/timed/cellular/communicating automata; Petri-nets; computational aspects of semigroups, groups and rings; reachability in dynamical and hybrid systems; frontiers between decidable and undecidable reachability problems; complexity and decidability aspects, predictability in iterative maps and new computational paradigms.

A condensing (or densifying) operator is a mapping under which the image of any set is in a certain sense more compact than the set itself. The degree of noncompactness of a set is measured by means of functions called measures of noncompactness. The contractive maps and the compact maps [i.e., in this Introduction, the maps that send any bounded set into a relatively compact one; in the main text the term "compact" will be reserved for the operators that, in addition to having this property, are continuous, i.e., in the authors' terminology, for the completely continuous operators] are condensing. For contractive maps one can take as measure of noncompactness the diameter of a set, while for compact maps can take the indicator function of a family of non-relatively com pact sets. The operators of the form F( x) = G( x, x), where G is contractive in the first argument and compact in the second, are also condensing with respect to some natural measures of noncompactness. The linear condensing operators are characterized by the fact that almost all of their spectrum is included in a disc of radius smaller than one. The examples given above show that condensing operators are a sufficiently typical phenomenon in various applications of functional analysis, for example, in the theory of differential and integral equations. As is turns out, the condensing operators have properties similar to the compact ones.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Reachability Problems, RP 2012, held in Bordeaux, France, in September, 2012. The 8 revised full papers presented together with 4 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 15 submissions. The papers present current research and original contributions related to reachability problems in different computational models and systems such as algebraic structures, computational models, hybrid systems, logic and verification. Reachability is a fundamental problem that appears in several different contexts: finite- and infinite-state concurrent systems, computational models like cellular automata and Petri nets, decision procedures for classical, modal and temporal logic, program analysis, discrete and continuous systems, time critical systems, and open systems modeled as games.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Reachability Problems, RP 2011, held in Genoa, Italy, in September 2011. The 16 papers presented together with 4 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 24 submissions. The workshop deals with reachability problems that appear in algebraic structures, computational models, hybrid systems, logic, and verification. Reachability is a fundamental problem that appears in several different contexts: finite- and infinite-state concurrent systems, computational models like cellular automata and Petri nets, decision procedures for classical, modal and temporal logic, program analysis, discrete and continuous systems, time critical systems, and open systems modelled as games.

This book constitutes the research papers presented at the 3rd International Workshop, RP 2009 held in Palaiseau, France, September 23-25, 2009.

The 20 full papers of this workshop reflect reachability problems that appear in algebraic structures, computational models, hybrid systems and verification. Reachability is a fundamental problem in the context of many models and abstractions which are describing various computational processes.

Topics of interest include reachability problems in infinite state systems, rewriting systems, dynamical and hybrid systems, reachability problems in logic and verification, reachability analysis in different computational models, counter, timed, cellular, communicating automata, Petri-Nets, computational aspects of algebraic structures and predictability in iterative maps and new computational paradigms.

"...for the last time the former rulers of their own home had gathered to fervently pray, tearfully, and on bended knee, imploring that the Lord help and intercede for them in all of their sorrows and misfortunes." Thus the Archpriest Afanasy Belyaev described the faith and piety of the Russian Imperial family, whom he served as priest and confessor, on the occasion of the Tsarevich's thirteenth birthday. These selected excerpts from the chaplain's diary open a window into the souls of the now sainted Royal Family and the struggles endured in their first five months of confinement following the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II in early 1917. Russian cultural historian Marilyn Pfeifer Swezey sets the diary in its historical context and offers an epilogue to complete the story of the Romanov's journey to martyrdom at the hands of a Bolshevik firing squad in a Siberian basement. Also included is a short life of Fr Afanasy and biographical information regarding the various persons appearing in the work. This anniversary edition has been copiously illustrated throughout with color and black and white photos (some rarely or never published before) as well as charts and maps.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Reachability Problems, RP 2022, held in Kaiserslautern, Germany, in October 2022.The 8 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 14 submissions. In addition, 3 invited papers were included in this volume. The RP proceedings cover topics such as reachability for infinite state systems; rewriting systems; reachability analysis in counter/timed/cellular/communicating automata; Petri nets; computational aspects of semigroups, groups, and rings; reachability in dynamical and hybrid systems; frontiers between decidable and undecidable reachability problems; complexity and decidability aspects; predictability in iterative maps; and new computational paradigms.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Artificial General Intelligence, AGI 2022, held as a hybrid event in Seattle, WA, USA, in August 2022.The 31 full papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 61 submissions. The papers cover topics from foundations of AGI, to AGI approaches and AGI ethics, to the roles of systems biology, goal generation, and learning systems, and so much more. Additionally, this volume contains 13 posters.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Artificial General Intelligence, AGI 2021, held as a hybrid event in San Francisco, CA, USA, in October 2021.The 36 full papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 50 submissions. The papers cover topics from foundations of AGI, to AGI approaches and AGI ethics, to the roles of systems biology, goal generation, and learning systems, and so much more.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Reachability Problems, RP 2021, held in Liverpool, UK in October 2021. The 6 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 27 submissions. In addition, 4 invited papers were included in this volume. The RP proceedings cover topics such as reachability for infinite state systems; rewriting systems; reachability analysis in counter/timed/cellular/communicating automata; Petri nets; computational aspects of semigroups, groups, and rings; reachability in dynamical and hybrid systems; frontiers between decidable and undecidable reachability problems; complexity and decidability aspects; predictability in iterative maps; and new computational paradigms. Chapter 'Recent Advances on Reachability Problems for Valence Systems' is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Reachability Problems, RP 2020, held in Paris, France in October 2020.The 8 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 25 submissions. In addition, 2 invited papers were included in this volume. The papers cover topics such as reachability for infinite state systems; rewriting systems; reachability analysis in counter/timed/cellular/communicating automata; Petri nets; computational aspects of semigroups, groups, and rings; reachability in dynamical and hybrid systems; frontiers between decidable and undecidable reachability problems; complexity and decidability aspects; predictability in iterative maps; and new computational paradigms.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Artificial General Intelligence, AGI 2020, held in St. Petersburg, Russia, in September 2020.The 30 full papers and 8 short papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 60 submissions. The papers cover topics such as AGI architectures, artificial creativity and AI safety, transfer learning, AI unification and benchmarks for AGI.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Reachability Problems, RP 2019, held in Brussels, Belgium, in September 2019.The 14 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 26 submissions. The papers cover topics such as reachability for infinite state systems; rewriting systems; reachability analysis in counter/timed/cellular/communicating automata; Petri nets; computational aspects of semigroups, groups, and rings; reachability in dynamical and hybrid systems; frontiers between decidable and undecidable reachability problems; complexity and decidability aspects; predictability in iterative maps; and new computational paradigms.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th International Workshop on Reachability Problems, RP 2017, held in London, UK, in September 2017. The 12 full papers presented together with 1 invited paper were carefully reviewed and selected from 17 submissions. The aim of the conference is to bring together scholars from diverse fields with a shared interest in reachability problems, and to promote the exploration of new approaches for the modelling and analysis of computational processes by combining mathematical, algorithmic, and computational techniques. Topics of interest include (but are not limited to): reachability for innite state systems; rewriting systems; reachability analysis in counter/timed/cellular/communicating automata; Petri nets; computational aspects of semigroups, groups, and rings; reachability in dynamical and hybrid systems; frontiers between decidable and undecidable reachability problems; complexity and decidability aspects; predictability in iterative maps, and new computational paradigms.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Reachability Problems, RP 2016, held in Aalborg, Denmark, in September 2016. The 11 full papers presented together with2 invited papers and 3 abstracts of invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 18 submissions. The papers cover a range of topics in the field of reachability for infinite state systems; rewriting systems; reachability analysis in counter/timed/cellular/communicating automata; Petri nets; computational aspects of semigroups, groups, and rings; reachability in dynamical and hybrid systems; frontiers between decidable and undecidable reachability problems; complexity and decidability aspects; predictability in iterative maps and new computational paradigms.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Reachability Problems, RP 2015, held in Warsaw, Poland, in September 2015. The 14 papers presented together with 6 extended abstracts in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 23 submissions. The papers cover a range of topics in the field of reachability for infinite state systems; rewriting systems; reachability analysis in counter/timed/cellular/communicating automata; Petri nets; computational aspects of semigroups, groups, and rings; reachability in dynamical and hybrid systems; frontiers between decidable and undecidable reachability problems; complexity and decidability aspects; predictability in iterative maps and new computational paradigms.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Developments in Language Theory, DLT 2015, held in Liverpool, UK. The 31 papers presented together with 5 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 54 submissions. Its scope is very general and includes, among others, the following topics and areas: combinatorial and algebraic properties of words and languages, grammars, acceptors and transducers for strings, trees, graphs, arrays, algebraic theories for automata and languages, codes, efficient text algorithms, symbolic dynamics, decision problems, relationships to complexity theory and logic, picture description and analysis, polyominoes and bidimensional patterns, cryptography, concurrency, cellular automata, bio-inspired computing, and quantum computing.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Artificial General Intelligence, AGI 2017, held in Melbourne, VIC, Australia, in August 2017. The 24 regular papers presented in this book together with 1 short paper were carefully reviewed and selected from 35 submissions. They cover topics such as architectures; mathematical foundations; algorithms; safety; understanding; human cognition; and philosophy.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Artificial General Intelligence, AGI 2015, held in Berlin, Germany in July 2015. The 41 papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 72 submissions. The AGI conference series has played and continues to play, a significant role in this resurgence of research on artificial intelligence in the deeper, original sense of the term of "artificial intelligence". The conferences encourage interdisciplinary research based on different understandings of intelligence and exploring different approaches. AGI research differs from the ordinary AI research by stressing on the versatility and wholeness of intelligence and by carrying out the engineering practice according to an outline of a system comparable to the human mind in a certain sense.

Waves occur naturally in a vast number of scientific or engineering situations. Ripples on a pond, the light we see, and the oscillations of bridges and buildings can often be described as solitary or interacting waves. Wave theory is therefore one of the most important branches of pure and applied science.

In "Modulated Waves: Theory and Applications" Lev Ostrovsky and Alexander Potapov consider linear and nonlinear waves such as solitons, waves in inhomogeneous media, and many others. They discuss modulated waves--those characterized by a slow variation of the macroscopic parameters of amplitude, frequency, and profile. Most of the fundamentals of wave theory may be understood by considering this class of waves. Theoretical analysis is supported by examples from different branches of physics: electrodynamics, fluid mechanics, acoustics, optics, and the mechanics of solids.