This book covers some of the most popular methods in design space sampling, ensembling surrogate models, multi-fidelity surrogate model construction, surrogate model selection and validation, surrogate-based robust design optimization, and surrogate-based evolutionary optimization. Surrogate or metamodels are now frequently used in complex engineering product design to replace expensive simulations or physical experiments. They are constructed from available input parameter values and the corresponding output performance or quantities of interest (QOIs) to provide predictions based on the fitted or interpolated mathematical relationships. The book highlights a range of methods for ensembling surrogate and multi-fidelity models, which offer a good balance between surrogate modeling accuracy and building cost. A number of real-world engineering design problems, such as three-dimensional aircraft design, are also provided to illustrate the ability of surrogates for supporting complex engineering design. Lastly, illustrative examples are included throughout to help explain the approaches in a more "hands-on" manner.

Understanding Contract Law provides an accessible, in-depth analysis of the purpose of contracting and the role of the law of contract, as well as theories that inform it. Assessing the historical development of this cornerstone of law, the book provides detailed analysis of some of the leading theoretical explanations, and how they are applied in jurisdictions throughout the world. With a new chapter examining the impact of globalization on contract law, this new edition also includes recent behavioural research around responses to contract breach. The book's accessibility is enhanced by text boxes defining key concepts and terms, and biographical notes of leading figures and scholars. This ensures that readers are able to gain a clear understanding of the narratives and theories explained in the book, and to appreciate how contract law has evolved. Uniquely, the book is not limited to one jurisdiction, making this an essential text for students wishing to expand their knowledge of this fundamental area of law around the world.

Understanding Contract Law provides an accessible, in-depth analysis of the purpose of contracting and the role of the law of contract, as well as theories that inform it. Assessing the historical development of this cornerstone of law, the book provides detailed analysis of some of the leading theoretical explanations, and how they are applied in jurisdictions throughout the world. With a new chapter examining the impact of globalization on contract law, this new edition also includes recent behavioural research around responses to contract breach. The book's accessibility is enhanced by text boxes defining key concepts and terms, and biographical notes of leading figures and scholars. This ensures that readers are able to gain a clear understanding of the narratives and theories explained in the book, and to appreciate how contract law has evolved. Uniquely, the book is not limited to one jurisdiction, making this an essential text for students wishing to expand their knowledge of this fundamental area of law around the world.

This book covers some of the most popular methods in design space sampling, ensembling surrogate models, multi-fidelity surrogate model construction, surrogate model selection and validation, surrogate-based robust design optimization, and surrogate-based evolutionary optimization. Surrogate or metamodels are now frequently used in complex engineering product design to replace expensive simulations or physical experiments. They are constructed from available input parameter values and the corresponding output performance or quantities of interest (QOIs) to provide predictions based on the fitted or interpolated mathematical relationships. The book highlights a range of methods for ensembling surrogate and multi-fidelity models, which offer a good balance between surrogate modeling accuracy and building cost. A number of real-world engineering design problems, such as three-dimensional aircraft design, are also provided to illustrate the ability of surrogates for supporting complex engineering design. Lastly, illustrative examples are included throughout to help explain the approaches in a more "hands-on" manner.

This book focuses on the law of commercial contracts as constructed by the U.S. and UK legal systems. Leading scholars from both sides of the Atlantic provide works of original scholarship focusing on current debates and trends from the two dominant common law systems. The chapters approach the subject areas from a variety of perspectives doctrinal analysis, law and economic analysis, and social-legal studies, as well as other theoretical perspectives. The book covers the major themes that underlie the key debates relating to commercial contract law: role of consent; normative theories of contract law; contract design and good faith; implied terms and interpretation; policing contract behavior; misrepresentation, breach, and remedies; and the regional and international harmonization of contract law. Contributors provide insights on the many commonalities, but more interestingly, on the key divergences of the United States and United Kingdom's approaches to numerous areas of contract law. Such a comparative analysis provides a basis for future developments and improvements of commercial contract law in both countries, as well as other countries that are members of the common law systems. At the same time, insights gathered here should also be of interest to scholars and practitioners of the civil law tradition."

This book focuses on the law of commercial contracts as constructed by the U.S. and UK legal systems. Leading scholars from both sides of the Atlantic provide works of original scholarship focusing on current debates and trends from the two dominant common law systems. The chapters approach the subject areas from a variety of perspectives doctrinal analysis, law and economic analysis, and social-legal studies, as well as other theoretical perspectives. The book covers the major themes that underlie the key debates relating to commercial contract law: role of consent; normative theories of contract law; contract design and good faith; implied terms and interpretation; policing contract behavior; misrepresentation, breach, and remedies; and the regional and international harmonization of contract law. Contributors provide insights on the many commonalities, but more interestingly, on the key divergences of the United States and United Kingdom's approaches to numerous areas of contract law. Such a comparative analysis provides a basis for future developments and improvements of commercial contract law in both countries, as well as other countries that are members of the common law systems. At the same time, insights gathered here should also be of interest to scholars and practitioners of the civil law tradition."