Local governments throughout the West are undergoing a transformation of their leadership styles and structures. Some countries have abandoned traditional systems of collective or committee based decision-making in favour of Cabinet models or, more radically, a directly-elected executive mayor, while others have strengthened existing mayoral systems. There are a few exceptions to this trend. Based on original research in eleven countries the book assesses these changes in terms of their implications for political accountability, the role of lay politicians, political recruitment, the professionalization of leadership, and relations with the bureaucracy.

Local governments throughout the west are undergoing a transformation of their leadership styles and structures. Some countries have abandoned traditional systems of collective or committee based decision-making in favour of Cabinet models or, more radically, a directly-elected executive mayor, while others have strengthened existing mayoral systems. There are a few exceptions to this trend. Based on original research in eleven countries the book assesses these changes in terms of their implications for political accountability, the role of lay politicians, political recruitment, the professionalization of leadership, and relations with the bureaucracy.

Current, in-depth, and flexible, PARLONS AFFAIRES! systematically discusses French business practices and culture, while delivering a wealth of supporting material for readers. The program covers traditional business topics, as well as career practices, communication skills, and cultural concepts particular to French businesses. Using PARLONS AFFAIRES!, readers will acquire valuable vocabulary and insights that will improve their understanding of the French and Canadian business worlds. The clear and engaging prose of PARLONS AFFAIRES! introduces and explains the various topics of the book, while the engaging activities encourage readers to expand their comprehension of the topics and vocabulary.

Chapter 1 reports on the U.S. drug supply and the complex way it is interwoven with multiple stakeholders involved in each step of the process. When investigational drugs show promise for treating serious or life-threatening diseases, patients are often interested in obtaining access to them. Congress included a provision in the FDA Reauthorization Act of 2017 for GAO to review actions taken to facilitate access to these drugs. Chapter 2 describes (1) actions FDA and drug manufacturers have taken to broaden eligibility criteria for clinical trials, (2) actions FDA has taken to facilitate access to investigational drugs outside of clinical trials, and (3) information drug manufacturers have communicated to patients and physicians about access to investigational drugs outside of clinical trials. Chapter 3 reports on requiring e-prescriptions for coverage under part D of the Medicare program for prescription drugs that are controlled substances.

Dieses Erganzungswerk verdankt sein Entst.ehen mehrseitigen An regungen, die groBen Fortschritte der chemisch-technischen Unter suchungsmethoden, die in den letzten Jahren ausgearbeitet worden sind, den Benutzern des Hauptwerkes leicht zuganglich zu machen. Die Ver wirklichung dieses Vorhabens hat es mpglich gemacht, auch neuartige wertvoIle Untersuchungsmethoden zu behandeln, die bisher noch keine oder eine unzulangliche Beriicksichtigung gefunden hatten. Bei dem vorliegenden Band sind es die Methoden der Polarographie, Chromatographie, Fluorescenzanal yse, die in wenigen J ahren so weit ausgestaltet worden sind, daB sie ihre groBe Bedeutung und den wesentlichen Fortschritt auf analytischem Gebiet dargetan und in der chemischen Technik bereits Eingang gefunden haben. Sie sind sicher berufen, auch hier das analytische Arbeiten zu erweitern und bequemer zu gestalten. Von den Erganzungsbeitragen zu den Abschnitten des Hauptwerkes sind einige kurz, einige recht urnfangreich ausgefallen. Keine Er ganzungen sind in diesem Band fUr die Abschnitte Allgemeine Operationen, Zug- und Druckmessungen, Araometrie und Gasvolurnetrie, Rontgenographische Unt.ersuchungsmethoden, Organische Analysen erforderlich gewesen. Die Riickverweisung auf die zugehorigen Abschnitte des Haupt werkes sind, wo nur angangig, mit kurzer Angabe der Bandnummer und der Seitenzahl (z. B. III, 427) geschehen, urn die Benutzung des Gesamt werkes moglichst be quem zu gestalten. Aus diesem Grund wird auch dem 3. Band des Erganzungswerkes einGesamtsachregister angefiigt werden, das beide, das Haupt- und das -Erganzungswerk urnfassen wird."

Net foreign direct investment (FDI) flows into India reached $15.7 billion in India's 2006-07 fiscal year, more than triple the $4.7 billion recorded during 2005-06, with the largest share of FDI flows from Mauritius, followed by the United States and the United Kingdom. This book examines FDI in India, in the context of the Indian economic and regulatory environment. Presented are FDI trends in India, by country and by industry, using official government data from India, the United States, and international organisations. Additionally, this book discusses specific investment activities of multinational companies in India, representing a wide range of countries and industries. This book consists of public documents which have been located, gathered, combined, reformatted, and enhanced with a subject index, selectively edited and bound to provide easy access.