This new two-volume addresses a number of state-of-the-art developments and unsolved open issues in the field of computational intelligence. Volume 1 focuses on data science and artificial intelligence. It highlights the use of predictive analytics of data from various application domains to find timely solutions to various problems. The book focuses on the research developments, limitations, and management of real-time problems using computational intelligence by identifying applicable approaches in order to enhance, automate, and develop effective solutions. The volume introduces empirical research, prospects of theoretical research, and applications in data science and artificial intelligence. The chapters present diverse application of computer intelligence and machine learning in security, healthcare and medicine, agriculture, traffic science/smart cities, and language and text conversion. Volume 2 demonstrates empirical, theoretical, and application perspectives on smart technologies, computational intelligence in network technologies, and computational intelligence in software engineering, identifying the advantages and limitations of each. The chapters on smart technologies address their application in such areas as communication services, healthcare and assistive technology, urban waste management, vehicle pollution and accident detection, and more. The technologies encompass the use of machine learning, blockchain, fog computing, satellite communication technology, ant colony optimization algorithms, etc. Together, these two volumes offer new research on presented by young and dynamic researchers and experts from industry and academia, sharing a plethora of new and emerging technologies that support their effective operations in computational intelligence in information systems. These peer-review chapters were selected from the International Conference on Computational Intelligence in Analytics and Information Systems’ (CIAIS- 2021), held in April 2021 at Manav Rachna University, India.

The new book presents a valuable selection of new and state-of-the-art technological advancements in various application areas using the concepts of AI and machine learning, highlighting the use of predictive analytics of data from various application domains to find timely solutions to various problems. The book focuses on the research developments, limitations, and management of real-time problems using computational intelligence by identifying applicable approaches in order to enhance, automate, and develop effective solutions. The volume introduces empirical research, prospects of theoretical research, and applications in data science and artificial intelligence. The various novel approaches include applications in healthcare, natural language processing, and smart cities. As such, the book is divided into sections that address: Computational Intelligence in Image Processing Computational Intelligence in Healthcare Techniques for Natural Language Processing Computational Intelligence in Smart Cities The very diverse range of topics include AI and machine learning applications for In security: For using digital image processing for image fusion (face recognition, feature extraction, object detection as well tracking, moving object identification), for person re-identification for security purposes. In healthcare and medicine: For diagnosis and prediction of breast cancer, other cancers, diabetes, heart disease; for predicting susceptibility to COVID-19; for prediction of mood and anxiety disorders. In agriculture: For prediction of crop profit; for prediction of cropping patterns and recommendation for crop cultivation. In traffic science/smart cities: For understanding road scene images, for detection of traffic signs, for devising a fog-based intelligent traffic phase timing regulation system In language/speech/text: For automatic text summarization, for document indexing for unstructured data, for speech/accent recognition, for sound separation, for American Sign Language interpretation for nonsigners, for emotional recognition and analysis through speech, body postures with facial expressions, and other body movements (to improve the performance of virtual personal assistants / emotion recognition using speech, body postures with facial expressions and other body movements. This volume offers valuable information for researchers working in interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary areas of healthcare, image analysis, natural language processing, and smart cities. This includes academicians, people in industry, and students with engineering background with research interest in these areas. These peer-review chapters were selected from the International Conference on Computational Intelligence in Analytics and Information Systems (CIAIS- 2021), held in April 2021 at Manav Rachna University, India.

This new volume presents a selection of state-of-the-art technological advancements in various application areas of IoT, network technologies, and software engineering that address unsolved open issues in the field of computational intelligence. The volume focuses on empirical, theoretical, and application perspectives on smart technologies, computational intelligence in network technologies, and computational intelligence in software engineering, identifying the advantages and limitations of each. The chapters on smart technologies address their application in such areas as communication services, healthcare and assistive technology, urban waste management, vehicle pollution and accident detection, and more. The technologies encompass the use of machine learning, blockchain, fog computing, etc. The volume goes on to discuss computational intelligence in network technologies. These include comparisons of cryptography mechanisms, internet privacy protection, satellite communication technology, ant colony optimization algorithms, etc. The topics on computational intelligence in software engineering include security optimization via software-defined networking (SDN), education-based interactive automated agent, data warehouse requirement engineering, and more. The research contributions presented here by young and dynamic researchers and experts from industry and academia share a host of emerging technologies that support their effective operations in computational intelligence in information systems. These peer-review chapters were selected from the International Conference on Computational Intelligence in Analytics and Information Systems (CIAIS- 2021), held in April 2021 at Manav Rachna University, India.

Software Security: Concepts & Practices is designed as a textbook and explores fundamental security theories that govern common software security technical issues. It focuses on the practical programming materials that will teach readers how to implement security solutions using the most popular software packages. It's not limited to any specific cybersecurity subtopics and the chapters touch upon a wide range of cybersecurity domains, ranging from malware to biometrics and more. Features The book presents the implementation of a unique socio-technical solution for real-time cybersecurity awareness. It provides comprehensible knowledge about security, risk, protection, estimation, knowledge and governance. Various emerging standards, models, metrics, continuous updates and tools are described to understand security principals and mitigation mechanism for higher security. The book also explores common vulnerabilities plaguing today's web applications. The book is aimed primarily at advanced undergraduates and graduates studying computer science, artificial intelligence and information technology. Researchers and professionals will also find this book useful.

Covers detailed state-of-the-art of specific chemiresistive sensing materials Presents novel nano-material platforms and concepts for resistive gas sensing Reviews pertinent aspects of smart sensors and IoT sensing Explains nanotechnology enabled experimental findings, and future directions of smart gas sensing technology Explores implication of latest advancements such as IoT in Gas sensors, and nanogenerators

This new volume introduces various VLSI (very-large-scale integration) architecture for DSP filters, speech filters, and image filters, detailing their key applications and discussing different aspects and technologies used in VLSI design, models and architectures, and more. The volume explores the major challenges with the aim to develop real-time hardware architecture designs that are compact and accurate. Knowledge of VLSI is necessary for understanding today’s contemporary hardware prospects of engineering. It is the process of creating an integrated circuit by combining millions of MOS transistors onto a single chip that is needed for handheld portable battery-operated devices that require efficient, errorless, and low-power arithmetic operation. VLSI plays a most important role in the performance of digital systems, digital signal processing (DSP), image processing applications, hardware security, quantum computing, etc. Especially in DSP systems, the algorithms of VLSI have a number of interesting characteristics that can be exploited in the design of the arithmetic circuits so that they can be implemented more efï¬ciently in terms of computation time, chip area, and power consumption. This volume, VLSI Architecture for Signal, Speech, and Image Processing, provides useful research in the field of computer arithmetic and can be applied for various arithmetic circuits, for their digital implementation schemes, and for performance considerations. It covers how computer arithmetic contributes to the era of quantum computing, hardware security, image processing, biomedical engineering, artificial intelligence, neural networks, and stochastic computing. Prepared by leading researchers in the field of computer arithmetic architecture, the state-of-the-art information presented here helps to provide a comprehensive understanding of VLSI for students, faculty, and researchers in computer science, computer engineering, and electrical and electronics engineering. It may be used as a textbook for courses on VLSI as well as a reference book.

Nanomaterials for Environmental Applications offers a comprehensive review of the latest advances in nanomaterials-based technologies for the treatment of emerging contaminants in wastewater. It describes the latest developments in the synthesis protocols, including the synthesis of different kinds of nanostructure materials using various physical and chemical methods. Features Discusses the synthesis and characterization of important nanomaterials such as carbon nanostructures, metal and metal oxide nanostructures, polymer nanostructures, and smart 1D--3D nanomaterials Presents the latest techniques used in the characterization of nanomaterials Covers environmental applications including the remediation of pollutants in wastewater and water purification and disinfection Examines the sources, fate, transport, and ecotoxicology of nanomaterials in the environment. Aimed at researchers and industry professionals, this work will be of interest to chemical, environmental, and materials engineers concerned with the application of advanced materials for environmental and water remediation. Mohamed Abou El-Fetouh Barakat is a Professor of Environmental Sciences at both King Abdulaziz University (KAU)- Saudi Arabia, and Central Metallurgical R&D Institute (CMRDI)- Egypt. He is highly qualified in the fields of industrial waste management and pollution control as well as catalysis and nanotechnology. His experience includes academic research works in Japan, Germany, the United States and Saudi Arabia, as well as initiating and leading industrial research projects in Egypt jointly with the United States. Rajeev Kumar is an Associate Professor in the Environmental Science Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. His research activities are in the areas of wastewater treatment and materials science. He studies the adsorption and photocatalytic properties of nanomaterials for the removal of contaminants from wastewater.

Encyclopedic in breadth, yet practical and concise, Medical Biostatistics, Fourth Edition focuses on the statistical aspects ofmedicine with a medical perspective, showing the utility of biostatistics as a tool to manage many medical uncertainties. This edition includes more topics in order to fill gaps in the previous edition. Various topics have been enlarged and modified as per the new understanding of the subject.

This book provides the detail information about nanoparticles, their types, characterization techniques such as TEM, FESEM, AFM, XRD etc. nanogenotoxicity, metal and metal oxide nanoparticle's toxicity, physical and chemical characterization of nanomaterials, entry routes, cell-nano interaction studies, possible impacts to the human kind, and on the methods of evaluating the toxicity. It puts together comprehensive and up-to-date information about sustainable approaches in making an eco-friendly environment using advanced nanotechnologies. It educated readers about the new frontiers and scope of employing various state-of-art nano-technologies to clean-up and save our environment. This book will be of interest to teachers, researchers, environmental biotechnologists, capacity builders and policymakers. Also the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of agriculture, environmental sciences, environmental engineering and biotechnology.

Wireless network security research is multidisciplinary in nature, including data analysis, economics, mathematics, forensics, information technology, and computer science. This text covers cutting-edge research in computational intelligence systems from diverse fields on the complex subject of wireless communication security. It discusses important topics including computational intelligence in wireless network and communications, artificial intelligence and wireless communication security, security risk scenarios in communications, security/resilience metrics and their measurements, data analytics of cyber-crimes, modeling of wireless communication security risks, advances in cyber threats and computer crimes, adaptive and learning techniques for secure estimation and control, decision support systems, fault tolerance and diagnosis, cloud forensics and information systems, and intelligent information retrieval. The book: Discusses computational algorithms for system modeling and optimization in security perspective Focuses on error prediction and fault diagnosis through intelligent information retrieval via wireless technologies Explores a group of practical research problems where security experts can help develop new data-driven methodologies Covers application on artificial intelligence and wireless communication security risk perspective The text is primarily written for senior undergraduate, graduate students, and researchers in the fields of electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering, and computer engineering. The text comprehensively discusses wide range of wireless communication techniques with emerging computational intelligent trends, to help readers understand the role of wireless technologies in applications touching various spheres of human life with the help of hesitant fuzzy sets based computational modeling. It will be a valuable resource for senior undergraduate, graduate students, and researchers in the fields of electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering, and computer engineering.

This book provides the detail information about nanoparticles, their types, characterization techniques such as TEM, FESEM, AFM, XRD etc. nanogenotoxicity, metal and metal oxide nanoparticle's toxicity, physical and chemical characterization of nanomaterials, entry routes, cell-nano interaction studies, possible impacts to the human kind, and on the methods of evaluating the toxicity. It puts together comprehensive and up-to-date information about sustainable approaches in making an eco-friendly environment using advanced nanotechnologies. It educated readers about the new frontiers and scope of employing various state-of-art nano-technologies to clean-up and save our environment. This book will be of interest to teachers, researchers, environmental biotechnologists, capacity builders and policymakers. Also the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of agriculture, environmental sciences, environmental engineering and biotechnology.

Software evolution is a time-consuming and costly process due to its complex architecture. Software designers need to produce software that is effective as well as durable. Durability and effectiveness of software are the foremost priorities and challenges for developers. This book comprises real-life case studies of durability issues and their solutions that bring to light loopholes and show how to fix them, to enhance durability. Existing literature on software durability tells us that the first step is to recognise the problem. It gives information about durability, risk, estimation, knowledge, and governance based on five main characteristics: dependability, trustworthiness, usability, security, and human trust. The book serves as a complete package to get acquainted with assurance and risk management from a software durability perspective. It enhances our understanding of the concept of durability, its multi-dimensional approach, threats and their types, risk, mitigation techniques, and suggestive measures. The book reviews the emerging trends in the software development process in the context of durability concepts such as automated code reviews, coding standards, and software durability standards and their testing, cost management solutions, low-code or no-code solutions, and durability assurance.

This book presents a comprehensive overview of the nanocrystalline Al based alloys as prepared using high-energy ball milling (HEBM). It discusses the influence of HEBM parameters on grain refinement and examines methods for the consolidation of nanocrystalline Al powders; further, it reviews the effects of various processing parameters on the final microstructure and the impact of microstructure on corrosion and mechanical properties. The book also provides guidelines for choosing appropriate HEBM parameters for the production of nanocrystalline Al powders and methods for consolidating them in net-shaped components. Future challenges and possible applications of high-energy ball milled Al alloys are also discussed. The book is intended for researchers and professionals interested in aluminium alloy development, manufacturing technologies, light metals and nanocrystalline metallic materials.

Welcome to the Second International Conference on Contemporary Computing, which was held in Noida (outskirts of New Delhi), India. Computing is an exciting and evolving area. This conference, which was jointly organized by the Jaypee Institute of Information Technology University, Noida, India and the University of Florida, Gainesville, USA, focused on topics that are of contemporary interest to computer and computational scientists and engineers. The conference had an exciting technical program of 61 papers submitted by - searchers and practitioners from academia, industry and government to advance the algorithmic, systems, applications, and educational aspects of contemporary comp- ing. These papers were selected from 213 submissions (with an overall acceptance rate of around 29%). The technical program was put together by a distinguished int- national Program Committee. The Program Committee was led by the following Track Chairs and Special Session Chairs: Srinivas Aluru, Rajkumar Buyya, Yeh-Ching Chung, Sumeet Dua, Ananth Grama, Sandeep Gupta, Rajeev Kumar and Vir Phoha. I would like to thank the Program Committee, the Track Chairs and Special Session Chairs for their tremendous effort. I would like to thank the General Chairs, Sartaj Sahni and Sanjay Goel for giving me the opportunity to lead the technical program. Sanjay Ranka

We also thank all the members of the Organizing Committee, Arobinda Gupta, AjitPal, ShamikSural, IndranilSengupta, AbhijitDas, DipankarSarkar, Jayanta Mukhopadhyay, Pallab Dasgupta, Debasish Samanta, Soumya Ghosh, Arijit Bishnu, Pabitra Mitra, and Sudeshna Sarkar, for their e?orts. We are grateful to the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, and in particular to Prof. S.C. De Sarkar, Head, School of Information Technology and Deputy - rector, IITKharagpur, forextendingthelogisticsupporttotheconference.Prof. DeSarkarisalsoamemberoftheSteeringCommitteeofIWDC.Lastbutnotthe least, we also thank Prof. Sukumar Ghosh, who is heading the IWDC Steering Committee, for his guidance and his continuous support and advice. No academic meeting can achieve its desired end without the contributions of the authors, reviewers, and the participants. We extend our heartfelt thanks to all of them for making the event a success. We sincerely hope that this event will be a valuable addition to the Distributed Computing research endeavor. December 2005 Anupam Basu Michel Raynal Program Chairs' Message On behalf of the Program Committee of the 7th International Workshop on Distributed Computing (IWDC) 2005, it is our great pleasure to welcome all of you to Kharagpur, India. Our goal has been to put together a rich technical program, including high-quality technical papers and state-of-the-art tutorials and invited talks. The conference received 253 submissions in response to the call for paper

This book is intended to provide a compilation of the state-of-the-art numerical methods for nonlinear fluid-structure interaction using the moving boundary Lagrangian-Eulerian formulation. Single and two-phase viscous incompressible fluid flows are considered with the increasing complexity of structures ranging from rigid-body, linear elastic and nonlinear large deformation to fully-coupled flexible multibody system. This book is unique with regard to computational modeling of such complex fluid-structure interaction problems at high Reynolds numbers, whereby various coupling techniques are introduced and systematically discussed. The techniques are demonstrated for large-scale practical problems in aerospace and marine/offshore engineering. This book also provides a comprehensive understanding of underlying unsteady physics and coupled mechanical aspects of the fluid-structure interaction from a computational point of view. Using the body-fitted and moving mesh formulations, the physical insights associated with structure-to-fluid mass ratios (i.e., added mass effects), Reynolds number, large structural deformation, free surface, and other interacting physical fields are covered. The book includes the basic tools necessary to build the concepts required for modeling such coupled fluid-structure interaction problems, thus exposing the reader to advanced topics of multiphysics and multiscale phenomena.

Emerging Techniques for Treatment of Toxic Metals from Wastewater explores the different physical and chemical methods that can be used to remove toxins from wastewater, including adsorption, solvent extraction, ion exchange, precipitation, filtration and photocatalytic degradation. Bringing together contributions from leading experts in the field, the book covers each of the different techniques in detail, combining emergent research outcomes with fundamental theoretical concepts to provide a clear appraisal of the different techniques available, along with their applications. It is an essential recourse for researchers, industrialists and students concerned with the remediation of toxic metals from water and wastewater.

This book is intended to provide a compilation of the state-of-the-art numerical methods for nonlinear fluid-structure interaction using the moving boundary Lagrangian-Eulerian formulation. Single and two-phase viscous incompressible fluid flows are considered with the increasing complexity of structures ranging from rigid-body, linear elastic and nonlinear large deformation to fully-coupled flexible multibody system. This book is unique with regard to computational modeling of such complex fluid-structure interaction problems at high Reynolds numbers, whereby various coupling techniques are introduced and systematically discussed. The techniques are demonstrated for large-scale practical problems in aerospace and marine/offshore engineering. This book also provides a comprehensive understanding of underlying unsteady physics and coupled mechanical aspects of the fluid-structure interaction from a computational point of view. Using the body-fitted and moving mesh formulations, the physical insights associated with structure-to-fluid mass ratios (i.e., added mass effects), Reynolds number, large structural deformation, free surface, and other interacting physical fields are covered. The book includes the basic tools necessary to build the concepts required for modeling such coupled fluid-structure interaction problems, thus exposing the reader to advanced topics of multiphysics and multiscale phenomena.

There are various factors that influence the quality and quantity of agricultural products; among them, weather conditions play the most significant role in agriculture. More reliable weather forecasting enables farmers to make important planting and harvesting decisions that can enhance agricultural yield. Thus, there is a dire need to combine all available modern technologies and agricultural science for economic and environmentally sustainable crop production. In this direction, artificial intelligence (AI) serves as a budding solution in the domain of agriculture practices. Artificial Intelligence Tools and Technologies for Smart Farming and Agriculture Practices discusses various tools and technologies that can be used in smart farming and agriculture practice and explores the role of different emerging technologies like the internet of things, big data, machine learning, deep learning, and AI from agricultural prospects. Covering key topics such as farming, pests, soil, and weeds, this premier reference source is ideal for environmentalists, farmers, agriculturalists, industry professionals, researchers, academicians, scholars, practitioners, instructors, and students.

Image Processing for Automated Diagnosis of Cardiac Diseases highlights current and emerging technologies for the automated diagnosis of cardiac diseases. It presents concepts and practical algorithms, including techniques for the automated diagnosis of organs in motion using image processing. This book is suitable for biomedical engineering researchers, engineers and scientists in research and development, and clinicians who want to learn more about and develop advanced concepts in image processing to overcome the challenges of automated diagnosis of heart disease.

Emerging technologies have become both crucibles and showrooms for the practical application of artificial intelligence, the internet of things, and cloud computing, and for integrating big data into everyday life. Is the digital world optimized and sustainable using intelligence systems, machine learning, and cyber security methods? This complex concoction of challenges requires new thinking of the synergistic utilization of intelligence systems, machine learning, deep learning and blockchain methods, data-driven decision-making with automation infrastructure, autonomous transportation, and connected buildings. Effective AI, Blockchain, and E-Governance Applications for Knowledge Discovery and Management provides a global perspective on current and future trends concerning the integration of intelligent systems with cybersecurity applications, including recent advances and challenges related to the concerns of security and privacy issues in deep learning with an emphasis on the current state-of-the-art methods, methodologies and implementation, attacks, and countermeasures. The book also discusses the challenges that need to be addressed for implementing DL-based security mechanisms that should have the capability of collecting or distributing data across several applications. Topics covered include skill development and tools for intelligence systems, deep learning, machine learning, blockchain, IoT, cloud computing, data ethics, and infrastructure. It is ideal for independent researchers, research scholars, scientists, libraries, industry experts, academic students, business associations, communication and marketing agencies, entrepreneurs, and all potential audiences with a specific interest in these topics.

Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) device applications are common in many areas. Micromirror arrays are used as video projectors; microsensors find their application for measuring acceleration, temperature, and pressure; and they can also be used in the medical field for measuring blood pressure. Microfluidics have also been widely employed in life sciences applications, such as drug development and administration, point-of-care devices, and more. To use these technologies to their fullest extent, further research is needed. Advances in MEMS and Microfluidic Systems explores the emerging research and advances in MEMS devices and microfluidic systems applications. It features in-depth chapters on microfluidic device design and fabrication as well as on the aspects of devices/systems, characterization, and comparative research findings. Covering topics such as biosensors, lab-on-a-chip, and microfluidic technology, this premier reference source is an indispensable resource for engineers, health professionals, students and educators of higher education, librarians, researchers, and academicians.

Distributed Energy Resources in Microgrids: Integration, Challenges and Optimization unifies classically unconnected aspects of microgrids by considering them alongside economic analysis and stability testing. In addition, the book presents well-founded mathematical analyses on how to technically and economically optimize microgrids via distributed energy resource integration. Researchers and engineers in the power and energy sector will find this information useful for combined scientific and economical approaches to microgrid integration. Specific sections cover microgrid performance, including key technical elements, such as control design, stability analysis, power quality, reliability and resiliency in microgrid operation.

This book is an ideal reference text for teaching renewable energy to engineering and science students, as well as a reference book for scientists and professionals doing self study on the subject. The book has twelve chapters and starts with the definition and classification of renewable and non renewable energy and their status at global level. This chapter also contains the basic heat transfer mechanisms and laws of thermodynamics. It then deals with availability of solar radiation at different latitudes and energy and exergy analysis of flat plate collector, solar air collector, solar concentrator, evacuated tube collector, solar water heating system, solar distillation and solar cooker. The following chapter discusses the basics of semiconductor, its characteristics, working, characteristics of solar cell in dark and daylight situation, fundamentals of characteristic curves of semiconductor, fundamentals of PV module and array and some PVT systems. Detailed discussion on biomass, bio-fuels and biogas and their applications and the power produced by them, namely bio-power, is covered in the following chapters. Other renewable energy sources like hydropower, wind and geothermal are then covered as well as a chapter dealing with the working principle, basic theory and the capability to produce power from ocean thermal, tidal, wave and animal energy conversion systems. Subsequently, net CO2 mitigation, carbon credit, climate change and environmental impacts of all renewable energy resources are all covered followed by a discussion on the techno-economic feasibility of any energy sources as the backbone of its success and hence energy and economic analysis. The chapters deal the overall exergy of renewable energy sources by using the thermal and mechanical power and electrical energy as output. SI units are used throughout the book in solving various exercises in each chapter and conversion units of various physical and chemical parameters of metals and non-metals are also given in appendices.