Stroke is a condition that predominantly affects older people, often leading to death, disability and dependency as well as occupancy of hospital and nursing-home beds. Older stroke patients are similar in many ways to their younger counterparts, but at the same time exhibit several key differences. Their outcome and care are complicated by delayed diagnosis, polypharmacy, difficult rehabilitation, ageism, false assumptions of poor outcome, multiple co-morbidity, social issues including implications for independent living, ethical dilemmas, and many others. The proportion of older people is increasing every day and with it the burden of disease and disability. The implications this has for health services are immense, especially for long-term conditions. Despite this there is limited literature available to clinicians on stroke with a particular focus on this age group. Traversing the whole stroke pathway, Stroke in the Older Person brings together key discussions on every aspect of the disease as it affects the older person, including its general aspects and those very specific to the older populations. All chapters are written by highly experienced clinicians that offer up-to-date evidence-based information as well as practical tips to promote excellent, empathetic care to older patients. Over 30 chapters, this resource addresses the epidemiology, aetio-pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic work-up (including imaging), primary and secondary prevention, and rehabilitation of older people. There is a special focus on intracerebral haemorrhage, carotid re-vascularisation, transient ischaemic attack, cognitive impairment, research, ethical and moral dilemmas including DNAR, advanced directives and end-of-life care.

Almost a decade has passed since the first edition of this book was published and the explosion of new research in stroke is very apparent. Several important themes have coloured medicine during this time: the development of evidence based health care, new optimism for acute drug treatments for stroke, the growth of new information about the human genome, a dramatic increase in the number of stroke clinicians and researchers world-wide, and the establishment of the Cochrane Collaboration. All of these trends are relevant in revising a book of this nature. Clinical epidemiology remains an essential foundation for the practice of evidence-based healthcare. The enthusiasm of the pharmaceutical industry has resulted in a large number of new trials, often too small to detect clinically important differences, and have increased the number of clinicians actively engaged in stroke research. It is even more important that these clinicians should have a good understanding of the design of trials, the rationale for randomisation and blinding, and the importance of selecting the most appropriate outcomes. Surprisingly, little of practical importance has resulted from the decade of exploration of the human genome - the best indication of a person's risk remains their phenotype and not their genotype. The impetus to organise stroke medicine into a defined speciality, with emphasis on acute stroke, is even stronger - but it is essential to bear in mind the importance of interdisciplinary working, the value of primary care, geriatric medicine, psychiatry and rehabilitation in the prevention, treatment rehabilitation and long-term care of stroke patients. The Cochrane Collaboration is currently grappling with a task of enormous size - the compression of tens of thousands of randomised control trials -and other scientific evidence- into systematic reviews of the effects of interventions. Citations to this work are made in the section on management. In this edition, there is an extra opening section entitled Epidemiology which comprises the nuts and bolts of the subject and reviews the purposes of health care for stroke patients. The remaining sections follow the format of the first edition: Diagnosis, Management, and Prognosis. All chapters have been substantially updated. The book retains its focus on epidemiology that is relevant to the clinician and attempts to use examples from stroke to illustrate many aspects of epidemiological thinking. The book aims to stimulate readers to think about their own practice, the nature of scientific evidence and the vast areas of clinical uncertainty that remain the target for research over the coming decades.

Dementia can be a distressing condition, for the sufferer, and for families and other carers. Management of dementia is never easy, and involves facing some unpleasant problems and difficult choices. The right approach and expertise can minimise the unpleasantness and make dementia manageable, while inexperienced or inexpert management has the potential to cause unnecessary distress and disability, mis-directed resources, frustrated care staff, unduly long periods spent in hospital and premature care home placement.
Dementia Care is a practical manual for health and sociacare professionals in their encounters with people with dementia. It covers a wide range of information in a short, easily-accessible handbook format and broadly follows the journey of a person with dementia from first presentation to health or social services, through problems and their management, to the final stages of the illness. The book is rooted in the extensive experience of the authors in managing dementia in the community, in hospital and care homes and hopes to make the necessary expertise available and accessible in a form that will be useful to the whole range of medical, health and social care staff looking after people with dementia and their families.