In its 11th edition the International Conference on Sustainable Development and Planning continues to attract academics, policy makers, practitioners and other stakeholders from across the globe who discuss the latest advances in the field. This volume presents selected papers that contribute to further advances in the field. Energy saving and eco-friendly building approaches have become an important part of modern development, which places special emphasis on resource optimisation. Planning has a key role to play in ensuring that these solutions as well as new materials and processes are incorporated in the most efficient manner. Problems related to development and planning, which affect rural and urban areas, are present in all regions of the world. Accelerated urbanisation has resulted in deterioration of the environment and loss of quality of life. Urban development can also aggravate problems faced by rural areas such as forests, mountain regions and coastal areas, amongst many others. Taking into consideration the interaction between different regions and developing new methodologies for monitoring, planning and implementation of novel strategies can offer solutions for mitigating environmental pollution and non-sustainable use of available resources.

Structural Studies, Repairs and Maintenance of Heritage Architecture XVII The importance of retaining the built cultural heritage cannot be overstated. Rapid development and inappropriate conservation techniques are threatening many heritage unique sites in different parts of the world. Selected papers presented at the 17th International Conference on Studies, Repairs and Maintenance of Heritage Architecture are included in this volume. They address a series of topics related to the historical aspects and the reuse of heritage buildings, as well as technical issues on the structural integrity of different types of buildings, such as those constructed with materials as varied as iron and steel, concrete, masonry, wood or earth. Restoration processes require the appropriate characterisation of those materials, the modes of construction and the structural behaviour of the building. This knowledge can be gained through a series of material characterisation techniques, preferably via non-destructive tests. Modern computer simulation can provide accurate results demonstrating the stress state of the building and possible failure mechanisms affecting its stability. Of particular importance are studies related to their dynamic and earthquake behaviour aiming to provide an assessment of the seismic vulnerability of heritage buildings. Contributions originate from scientists, architects, engineers and restoration experts from all over the world and deal with different aspects of heritage buildings, including how to formulate regulatory policies, to ensure effective ways of preserving the architectural heritage. Earthquake Resistant Engineering Structures XIII Papers presented at the 13th International Conference on Earthquake Resistant Engineering Structures form this volume and cover basic and applied research in the various fields of earthquake engineering relevant to the design of structures. Major earthquakes and associated effects such as tsunamis continue to stress the need to carry out more research on those topics. The problems will intensify as population pressure results in buildings in regions of high seismic vulnerability. A better understanding of these phenomena is required to design earthquake resistant structures and to carry out risk assessments and vulnerability studies. The problem of protecting the built environment in earthquake-prone regions involves not only the optimal design and construction of new facilities but also the upgrading and rehabilitation of existing structures including heritage buildings. The type of highly specialized retrofitting employed to protect the built heritage is an important area of research. The included papers cover such topics as Seismic hazard and tsunamis; Building performance during earthquakes; Structural vulnerability; Seismic isolation and energy dissipation; Passive earthquake protection systems.

Most high performance structures require the development of a generation of new materials, which can more easily resist a range of external stimuli or react in a non-conventional manner. Formed of research works presented at the 10th International Conference on High Performance and Optimum Design of Structures and Materials, the included papers cover issues involving advanced types of structures, particularly those based on new concepts or new materials and their system design. Contributions highlight the latest developments in design, optimisation, manufacturing and experimentation. There is also a focus on the search for higher performance sustainable materials. Particular emphasis is placed on intelligent structures and materials as well as the application of computational methods for their modelling, control and management. Optimisation problems are also covered, including those related to the size, shape and topology of structures and materials. Optimisation techniques have much to offer to those involved in the design of new industrial products. The development of new algorithms and the appearance of powerful commercial computer codes with easy to use graphical interfaces has created a fertile field for the incorporation of optimisation in the design process in all engineering disciplines.

The field of fluid mechanics is vast and has numerous and diverse applications. As such, it covers a wide range of topics including basic formulations and their computer modelling as well as the relationship between experimental and analytical results. The 13th International Conference on Advances in Fluid Mechanics, from which this volume originates, had an emphasis on new applications and research currently in progress. The papers included cover such topics as: Boundary elements and other mesh reduction methods; Fluid structure interaction; Multiphase heat transfer; Environmental fluid dynamics; Energy harvesting; Nano and micro fluids; Complex flows; Jets; Droplet and spray dynamics; Bubble dynamics; Multiphase fluid flow; Pumping and fluid transportation; Complex and non-Newtonian fluids; Chemical reaction flow; Hydroelectromagnetic flow; hypersonic flows; Wave theory; Acoustics of noise propagation; Nanotechnology applications in fluids and heat transfer; Bluff body aerodynamics; Aerodynamic shape optimization.

Deformable solids, that is to say, those which undergo changes in geometry when subjected to external loads or other types of solicitations, as well as other related topics are the focus of this book. Within the main field, this text deals with advanced linear elasticity and plasticity approaches and the behavioural study of more complex types of materials. This includes composites of more recent manufacture and others whose material characterisation has only recently been possible. It also describes how linear elastic behaviour extends to anisotropic materials in general and how deformations can result in small or large strain components. The information on plastic behaviour expands to include strain hardening of the materials. Amongst other new topics incorporated into this volume are studies of hyperelastic materials, which can represent elastomeric and some types of biological materials. A section of the book deals with viscoelastic materials, i.e. those who deform when subjected to long-term loads. The behaviour of viscoplasticity, as well as elasto-viscoplasticity, describes well other types of materials, including those present in many geotechnical sites. The objective of this volume is to present material that can be used for teaching continuum mechanics to students of mechanical, civil or aeronautical engineering. In order to understand the contents the reader only needs to know linear algebra and differential calculus. Examples have been included throughout the text and at the end of each chapter, exercises are presented which can be used to check on comprehension of the theoretical information presented.

New opportunities for solving the challenges of contemporary architecture occur as a result of advances in the design and new building technologies, as well as the development of new materials. Many of the changes are motivated by a drive towards eco-architecture, trying to harmonise architectural products with nature. Another important issue is the adaptation of the architectural design to the natural environment, learning from nature and traditional construction techniques. Contemporary architecture is at the threshold of a new stage of evolution, deeply influenced by the advances in information and computer systems and the development of new materials and products, as well as construction processes that will drastically change the industry. Never before in history have architects and engineers had such a range of new processes and products open to them. In spite of that, the construction industry lags behind all others in taking advantage of a wide variety of new technologies. This is understandable, due to the inherent complexity and uniqueness of each architectural project. Advances in computer and information systems, including robotics, offers the possibility of developing new architectural forms, construction products and building technologies which are just now starting to emerge. Changes have also taken place in the way modern society works and lives, due to the impact of modern technologies. Patterns of work have been disrupted and changed, affecting transportation and the home environment. The demand is for a new type of habitat that can respond to the changes and the consequent requirements in terms of the urban environment. This volume originates from the 8th International Conference on Harmonisation between Architecture and Nature and deals with topics such as building technologies, design by passive systems, design with nature, cultural sensitivity, life cycle assessment, resources and rehabilitation and many others including case studies from around the world.

Formed of papers presented at the 20th International Conference on Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements, this volume provides a view of the latest work on the interaction between computational methods and experiments. The continuous improvement in computer efficiency, coupled with diminishing costs and the rapid development of numerical procedures have generated an ever-increasing expansion of computational simulations that permeate all fields of science and technology. As these procedures continue to grow in magnitude and complexity, it is essential to validate their results to be certain of their reliability. This can be achieved by performing dedicated and accurate experiments, which have undergone constant and enormous development. At the same time, current experimental techniques have become more complex and sophisticated so that they require the intensive use of computers, both for running experiments as well as acquiring and processing the resulting data. Some of the subject areas covered are: Fluid flow studies and experiments; Structural and stress analysis; Materials characterization; Electromagnetic problems; Structural integrity; Destructive and non-destructive testing; Heat transfer and thermal processes; Advances in computational methods; Automotive applications; Aerospace applications; Ocean engineering and marine structures; Fluid structure interaction; Bio-electromagnetics; Process simulations; Environmental monitoring, modelling and applications; Validation of computer modelling; Data and signal processing; Virtual testing and verification; Electromagnetic compatibility; Life cycle assessment.

Including papers from the 9th edition of the International Conference on Computational Methods and Experiments in Material and Contact Characterisation this volume presents the work of selected researchers on the subject. Material and contact characterisation is a rapidly advancing field and this volume contains the latest research. Of particular interest to industry and society is the knowledge of surface treatment and contact mechanics of these materials to determine the in-service behaviour of components subject to contact conditions. Modern society requires systems that operate at conditions that use resources effectively. In terms of components durability, the understanding of surface engineering wear frictional and lubrication dynamics has never been so important. Current research is focussed on modification technologies that can increase the surface durability of materials. The characteristics of the system reveal which surface engineering methods should be chosen and as a consequence it is essential to study the combination of surface treatment and contact mechanics. The accurate characterisation of the physical and chemical properties of materials requires the application of both experimental techniques and computer simulation methods in order to gain a correct analysis. A very wide range of materials, starting with metals through polymers and semiconductors to composites, necessitates a whole spectrum of characteristic experimental techniques and research methods. The papers in the book cover a number of topics, including: Experimental approaches; Recycled materials; Metallic materials; Mechanical properties; Mechanical and thermal properties; Composite materials; Materials for bioengineering applications; Performance based design materials and Numerical models.

Composed of papers presented at the 10th conference on Multiphase flow this book presents the latest research on the subject. The research included in this volume focuses on using synergies between experimental and computational techniques to gain a better understanding of all classes of multiphase and complex flow. The presented papers illustrate the close interaction between numerical modellers and researchers working to gradually resolve the many outstanding issues in our understanding of multiphase flow. Recently multiphase fluid dynamics have generated a great deal of attention, leading to many notable advances in experimental, analytical and numerical studies. Progress in numerical methods has permitted the solution of many practical problems, helping to improve our understanding of the physics involved. Multiphase flows are found in all areas of technology and the range of related problems of interest is vast, including astrophysics, biology, geophysics, atmospheric process, and many areas of engineering. The papers in the book cover a number of topics, including: Experimental measurements; Numerical methods; Multiphase flows and Flow in porous media.

Fifty Key Figures in Latinx and Latin American Theatre is a critical introduction to the most influential and innovative theatre practitioners in the Americas, all of whom have been pioneers in changing the field. The chosen artists work through political, racial, gender, class, and geographical divides to expand our understanding of Latin American and Latinx theatre while at the same time offering a space to discuss contested nationalities and histories. Each entry considers the artist's or collective's body of work in its historical, cultural, and political context and provides a brief biography and suggestions for further reading. The volume covers artists from the present day to the 1960s-the emergence of a modern theatre that was concerned with Latinx and Latin American themes distancing themselves from an European approach. A deep and enriching resource for the classroom and individual study, this is the first book that any student of Latinx and Latin American theatre should read.

Fifty Key Figures in Latinx and Latin American Theatre is a critical introduction to the most influential and innovative theatre practitioners in the Americas, all of whom have been pioneers in changing the field. The chosen artists work through political, racial, gender, class, and geographical divides to expand our understanding of Latin American and Latinx theatre while at the same time offering a space to discuss contested nationalities and histories. Each entry considers the artist's or collective's body of work in its historical, cultural, and political context and provides a brief biography and suggestions for further reading. The volume covers artists from the present day to the 1960s-the emergence of a modern theatre that was concerned with Latinx and Latin American themes distancing themselves from an European approach. A deep and enriching resource for the classroom and individual study, this is the first book that any student of Latinx and Latin American theatre should read.

This book is dedicated to the study of an aeroelastic phenomenon of cable-supported long-span bridges known as flutter, and proposes very innovative design methodologies, such as sensitivity analysis and optimization techniques, already utilized successfully in automobile and aerospace industries. The topic of long-span suspension and cable-stayed bridges is currently of great importance. These types of bridge pose great technical difficulties due to their slenderness and often great dimension. Therefore, these bridges tend to have problems caused by natural forces such as wind loads, some of which we have witnessed in our history, and we are currently seeing a very high incidence of bridge construction to overcome geographical obstacles such as bays, straits, or great estuaries. Therefore, it seems very appropriate to write a book showing the current capability of analysis and design, when up until now, the information could only be found partially in technical articles. This book will be useful for bridge design engineers as well as researchers working in the field.This book only requires previous knowledge of structural finite element models and dynamics, and it is advisable to have some previous knowledge in bridge engineering. Nevertheless, this book is very self-contained in such a way that all the information necessary to understand the theoretical developments is presented without the need of additional bibliography.

Throughout history, many leading thinkers have been inspired by the parallels between nature and human design, in mathematics, engineering and other areas. Today, the huge increase in biological knowledge, developments in design engineering systems, together with the growth in computer power and developments in simulation modelling, have all made possible more comprehensive studies of nature. Conference topics include the following: Mechanics in nature; Nature and architecture; Biomimetics; Biological studies; Solutions from nature; Water issues. It is these developments which have prompted the reconvening of this international conference on Design and Nature. It is intended that the meeting will bring together researchers from around the world working on a variety of studies involving nature and their significance for modern scientific thought and design.

This is an EXACT reproduction of a book published before 1923. This IS NOT an OCR'd book with strange characters, introduced typographical errors, and jumbled words. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.