A systematic introduction to partial differential
equations and modern finite element methods for their efficient numerical solution
Partial Differential Equations and the Finite Element Method provides a much-needed, clear, and systematic introduction to modern theory of partial differential equations (PDEs) and finite element methods (FEM). Both nodal and hierachic concepts of the FEM are examined. Reflecting the growing complexity and multiscale nature of current engineering and scientific problems, the author emphasizes higher-order finite element methods such as the spectral or hp-FEM.
A solid introduction to the theory of PDEs and FEM contained in Chapters 1-4 serves as the core and foundation of the publication. Chapter 5 is devoted to modern higher-order methods for the numerical solution of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) that arise in the semidiscretization of time-dependent PDEs by the Method of Lines (MOL). Chapter 6 discusses fourth-order PDEs rooted in the bending of elastic beams and plates and approximates their solution by means of higher-order Hermite and Argyris elements. Finally, Chapter 7 introduces the reader to various PDEs governing computational electromagnetics and describes their finite element approximation, including modern higher-order edge elements for Maxwell's equations.
The understanding of many theoretical and practical aspects of both PDEs and FEM requires a solid knowledge of linear algebra and elementary functional analysis, such as functions and linear operators in the Lebesgue, Hilbert, and Sobolev spaces. These topics are discussed with the help of many illustrative examples in Appendix A, which is provided as a service for those readers who need to gain the necessary background or require a refresher tutorial. Appendix B presents several finite element computations rooted in practical engineering problems and demonstrates the benefits of using higher-order FEM.
Numerous finite element algorithms are written out in detail alongside implementation discussions. Exercises, including many that involve programming the FEM, are designed to assist the reader in solving typical problems in engineering and science.
Specifically designed as a coursebook, this student-tested publication is geared to upper-level undergraduates and graduate students in all disciplines of computational engineeringand science. It is also a practical problem-solving reference for researchers, engineers, and physicists.

This volume contains a selection of papers presented at Fatigue Design 95 held in Helsinki, Finland from 5-8 September 1995. The papers have been peer reviewed and present practical aspects for the design of components and structures to avoid fatigue failure.
Topics covered include: fatigue design experiences, ground vehicle components, component reliability, multiaxial fatigue, notch analysis, service loading, welded structures, probabilistics aspects in fatigue, fatigue design optimization.

Information Structure and Syntactic Change in the History of English is the first book to apply information structure as it relates to language change to a corpus-based analysis of a wide range of features in the evolution of English syntax and grammars of prose in long diachrony. Its unifying topic is the role of information structure, broadly conceived, as it interacts with the other levels of linguistic description, syntax, morphology, prosody, semantics and pragmatics. The volume comprises twelve chapters by leading scholars who take a variety of theoretical and methodological approaches. Their work affirms, among other things, that motivations for selecting a particular syntactic option vary from information structure in the strict sense to discourse organization, or a particular style or register, and can also be associated with external forces such as the development of a literary culture.

Molecular-based medicine is taking center stage due to the increasing knowledge of breast cancer molecular biology. Treatment tailoring is no longer a dream for the future, but the main goal of current research.

This book provides an overview of the most recent techniques, agents and approaches for breast cancer that contribute to the individualization of treatment. Current biomedical research focuses on facilitating the transfer of molecular biology knowledge into the clinical management of patients, leading to increased survival as well as improved quality of life. Particular attention is given in this book to organ-specific tailored approaches, specific populations, patients preferences and rehabilitation. Also discussed in depth are the respective roles of pharmacotherapeutics modelling, functional imaging, molecular staging, genomics and proteomics and their impact on the "re-classification" of breast cancer, as well as the clinical applications of basic science. The crucial issue of how to optimally integrate biological markers, new technologies and new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches into clinical trials and clinical practice is addressed.

Combining the contributions from authors who are well known experts in these fields with editorial comments, this book provides an overview of the latest achievements in breast cancer and their use in clinical practice.

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The finite element method has always been a mainstay for solving engineering problems numerically. The most recent developments in the field clearly indicate that its future lies in higher-order methods, particularly in higher-order hp-adaptive schemes. These techniques respond well to the increasing complexity of engineering simulations and satisfy the overall trend of simultaneous resolution of phenomena with multiple scales.

Higher-Order Finite Element Methods provides an thorough survey of intrinsic techniques and the practical know-how needed to implement higher-order finite element schemes. It presents the basic priniciples of higher-order finite element methods and the technology of conforming discretizations based on hierarchic elements in spaces H^1, H(curl) and H(div). The final chapter provides an example of an efficient and robust strategy for automatic goal-oriented hp-adaptivity.

Although it will still take some time for fully automatic hp-adaptive finite element methods to become standard engineering tools, their advantages are clear. In straightforward prose that avoids mathematical jargon whenever possible, this book paves the way for fully realizing the potential of these techniques and putting them at the disposal of practicing engineers.

Stochastic differential equations are differential equations whose solutions are stochastic processes. They exhibit appealing mathematical properties that are useful in modeling uncertainties and noisy phenomena in many disciplines. This book is motivated by applications of stochastic differential equations in target tracking and medical technology and, in particular, their use in methodologies such as filtering, smoothing, parameter estimation, and machine learning. It builds an intuitive hands-on understanding of what stochastic differential equations are all about, but also covers the essentials of Ito calculus, the central theorems in the field, and such approximation schemes as stochastic Runge-Kutta. Greater emphasis is given to solution methods than to analysis of theoretical properties of the equations. The book's practical approach assumes only prior understanding of ordinary differential equations. The numerous worked examples and end-of-chapter exercises include application-driven derivations and computational assignments. MATLAB/Octave source code is available for download, promoting hands-on work with the methods.

The research on graphite intercalation compounds often acts as a forerunner for research in other sciences. For instance, the concept of staging, which is fundamental to graphite intercalation compounds, is also relevant to surface science in connection with adsorbates on metal surfaces and to high-temperature superconducting oxide layer materials. Phonon-folding and mode-splitting effects are not only basic to graphite intercalation compounds but also to polytypical systems such as supercon ductors, superlattices, and metal and semiconductor superlattices. Charge transfer effects playa tremendously important role in many areas, and they can be most easily and fundamentally studied with intercalated graphite. This list could be augmented with many more examples. The important message, however, is that graphite inter calation compounds represent a class of materials that not only can be used for testing a variety of condensed-matter concepts, but also stimulates new ideas and approaches. This volume is the second of a two-volume set. The first volume addressed the structural and dynamical aspects of graphite intercalation compounds, together with the chemistry and intercalation of new compounds. This second volume provides an up-to-date status report from expert researchers on the transport, magnetic, elec tronic and optical properties ofthis unique class of materials. The band-structure cal culations of the various donor and acceptor compounds are discussed in depth, and detailed reviews are provided ofthe experimental verification ofthe electronic struc ture in terms of their photoemission spectra and optical properties."

The progress of materials science depends on the development of novel materials and the development of novel experimental techniques. The research on graphite intercalation compounds combines both aspects: new compounds with strikingly new and anisotropic properties have been synthesized and analyzed during the past couple of years by means of state-of-the-art experimental methods. At the same time, the preparation of the compounds already known has improved con siderably, giving increased reliability and reproducibility of the experimental results. The high quality experimental data now available have stimulated theo retical work. Moreover, the theoretical work has had a great impact on further experimental studies, with the effect of a much improved understanding of this class of materials. This volume is dedicated to a thorough description of all relevant experimen tal and theoretical aspects of the structural and dynamical properties of graphite intercalation compounds. Because of the large number of topics, a second vol ume, which is now in preparation, will follow and will treat the electronic, transport, magnetic, and optical properties. The second volume will also contain a chapter on applications of graphite intercalation compounds. There have been a number of reviews written on selected aspects of these compounds in various journals and conference proceedings during the last couple of years, but this is the first comprehensive review since the thorough overview provided by M.S. Dresselhaus and G. Dresselhaus appeared ten years ago."

This volume strengthens the case for analysing discourse from the point of view of discourse participants' accountability and responsibility. It adds an important and largely neglected strand to research in discourse studies and pragmatics by analysing the expression and attribution of responsibility, particularly in professional discourse. Debates on social and professional responsibility have proliferated in recent years both in the public sphere (e.g. in connection with corporate responsibility reports) and in more local practices (e.g. as manifested in the publication of in-house codes of conduct). However, there is little academic research on professional discourse which systematically addresses the ways in which responsibility relations are construed in language use. This volume contains a number of case studies focusing on different professional settings: media, health care and social work. The types of data examined range from globally available mass-consumed discourse (such as news agency dispatches) to local and essentially private face-to-face encounters (such as counselling sessions).The studies examine different linguistic features (such as reported speech in written texts and backchannelling in spoken encounters) and different types of meanings (such as agency and causality). The studies draw on different methodological approaches (mainly pragmatics, conversation analysis and (critical) discourse analysis). A common thread running through the contributions is that responsibility is not a stable quality of people or institutions, but a dynamic and variable resource that language users negotiate in interaction.

Tailoring treatment for individual breast cancers is no longer a dream and is now the main goal for current research. This book gives an overview of the most recent techniques, agents and approaches for breast cancer and the individualization of treatment. Particular attention is given to organ-specific tailored approaches, specific populations, patients' preferences and rehabilitation. Contributions from experts focus on the biomedical research behind the transfer of molecular biology knowledge into the clinical management of patients. This has led to increased survival as well as improved quality of life. The book gives an overview of the latest achievements in breast cancer and their use in clinical practice.

Stochastic differential equations are differential equations whose solutions are stochastic processes. They exhibit appealing mathematical properties that are useful in modeling uncertainties and noisy phenomena in many disciplines. This book is motivated by applications of stochastic differential equations in target tracking and medical technology and, in particular, their use in methodologies such as filtering, smoothing, parameter estimation, and machine learning. It builds an intuitive hands-on understanding of what stochastic differential equations are all about, but also covers the essentials of Ito calculus, the central theorems in the field, and such approximation schemes as stochastic Runge-Kutta. Greater emphasis is given to solution methods than to analysis of theoretical properties of the equations. The book's practical approach assumes only prior understanding of ordinary differential equations. The numerous worked examples and end-of-chapter exercises include application-driven derivations and computational assignments. MATLAB/Octave source code is available for download, promoting hands-on work with the methods.

W enn man sich der ursprtinglichen Planungen erinnert, welche fiir unser Unter nehmen eine Laufzeit von zwanzig Jahren vorsahen, so mag man das Centenarium des Thesaurus linguae Latinae mit Fug und Recht als ein ungewolltes JubiUium be zeichnen. Hatten wir also dieses Datum schamhaft iiberspielen und uns jeden Tag ganz unserer eigentlichen Aufgabe widmen sollen, urn dem Ende des Alphabets wieder einen Schritt naher zu kommen? Das verbot schon die Bedeutung des Un ternehmens, bezeugt einerseits durch die Generationen von Latinisten, welche ihren Beitrag zu dem Worterbuch geleistet haben, andererseits durch die betrachtlichen Mittel, welche seine Trager dankenswerterweise immer wieder zur Verfiigung stel len. Deshalb schien es der Internationalen Thesaurus-Komrnission und den Mitar beitern des Instituts doch angemessen, einen kleinen Marschhalt einzuschieben und Riickschau und Ausblick zu halten. So wurde die ordentliche Tagung der Kommission im Sommer 1994 ausgeweitet durch eine Jubilaumsfeier und ein Colloquium, die am 29. und 30. Juni in der Miinchner Residenz stattfanden. Die Vortrage des Colloquiums galten zum einen der auBeren und inneren Geschichte des Thesaurus; zum andern sollte das Worter buch nicht nur im Rahmen der Latinistik prasentiert werden, sondern es sollten auch die Wechselwirkungen zur Darstellung kommen, die sich aus der Zusammen arbeit mit benachbarten Disziplinen ergeben. Im vorliegenden Band sind die Bei trage dieses Colloquiums und der Festvortrag von Herrn Delz mehr oder weniger im originalen Wortlaut abgedruckt, in den meisten Fallen erganzt durch Anmer kungen."

Kids often have strong emotions. But if a child's emotions interfere with school, alienate them from their peers, or cause constant conflicts at home, parents need resources to help calm the chaos. In this much-needed guide, two dialectical behavior therapists offer an activity-based workbook for kids who struggle with anger, mood-swings, and emotional and behavioral dysregulation. Using the skills outlined in this book, kids will be able to manage their emotions, get along with others, and do better in school. In this much-needed guide, two dialectical behavior therapists offer an activity-based workbook for kids who struggle with anger, mood-swings, and emotional and behavioral dysregulation. Using the skills outlined in this book, kids will be able to manage their emotions, get along with others, and do better in school. Childhood can often be a time of intense emotions. But if your child's emotions interfere with school, homework, or tests; alienate them from their peers; make it difficult to forge lasting friendships; or cause constant conflicts at home-it's time to make a change. You need help to calm the chaos now, rather than later. Building on the success of Don't Let Your Emotions Run Your Life and Don't Let Your Emotions Run Your Life for Teens, this is the first dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) activity skills workbook designed especially for kids. Designed for children ages 7 to 12, this essential guide will help kids manage difficult emotions and get along better with others. If you are frustrated or worried about your emotional child, the hands-on activities in this book-including child-friendly mindfulness practices-can help. By reading this book, kids will develop their own "skills tool box" for dealing with intense emotions as they arise, no matter where or when.

"As I go" is about just that, as I am living my life, As I go, as I learn, grow, fall, fail, move along, stand still, collapse, dream, learn, screw up, run, skip, blow it, make a fool of myself, trust in God, not trust in God, believe, doubt, jump for joy, you know, living life and as I go there is much to think about, write about, blog about and of course to share. As I go is about living my life in ministry, as a devoted follower of Christ, as a husband, as a father, as a coach of ministry people, you know as we go there is much to observe, much to gain, and much to give. So this little book can be read to spur you on daily, to inspire you to remember that as you go, you are where you are no doubt, but with meaning. As I go, hopefully is something you are doing with all of you heart, all of your passions, all of you.

Acclaimed and bestselling author Dan Solin shows you how to create a SuperSmart Portfolio that follows the same strategies used by the most sophisticated investment advisers in the world--but previously unavailable to most do-it-yourself investors. Providing the specific information and guidance lacking in most investment guides, Solin leaves nothing to chance in this accessible and thoughtful guide that will put you in control of your investment future.

This book will change the way you think about and invest in your retirement savings plan-forever.
Internationally bestselling author and consumer advocate Dan Solin challenges some basic and misguided assumptions about traditional retirement plans to reveal that:
? 401(k) and 403(b) plans are laden with Porky Pig fees, poor investment choices, and conflicts of interest. You may be better off just saying "No "
? There is a simple way to make "smart" choices in these plans- and this book shows you "exactly" what to do and which funds to avoid.
? There is one investment that could be the key to a successful retirement plan. You can do it yourself, with pre-tax or after-tax money. Create your own, inflation-proof pension plan that is guaranteed to provide you with monthly income for as long as you live, and beyond
Smart Investing is not complicated. You have the power to make meaningful changes to your retirement savings plan-no matter what your age or financial status.
"If you haven't taken a recent look at what your own retirement investments are doing and-perhaps even more important-how they are put together, reading Solin's smart little book might provide the impetus for action." -"Miami Herald"

What Are You Waiting For?
This book will change the way you think about investing-and the results will prove it
"This is the simple hands-on, how-to and why book many readers have been looking for."
-Scott Burns, syndicated columnist
Daniel Solin cuts through the financial hype to show you exactly how to invest-with an easy-to-follow four-step plan that lets you create and monitor your investment portfolio in ninety minutes or less...and put your investment earnings in the top 5 percent of all professionally managed money.
If you want to gamble, go to Las Vegas-or try stock picking and market timing. If you want to be a Smart Investor, follow this effortless and effective plan.
""The Smartest Investment Book You'll Ever Read" will provide the enlightenment and gumption to free yourself from the clutches of the investment industry and the wisdom and direction necessary to get yourself back on track."
-William Bernstein, author of "A Splendid Exchange and The Four Pillars of Investing"
Every day you wait costs you money. Take control of your financial future now