This book juxtaposes the experiences of regions that have lived or are living through industrial transition in coal-mining and manufacturing centres throughout Europe, opening the way to a deeper understanding of the intensity of change and of how work helps shape new identities.

This important and cross-disciplinary book explores globalization alongside precarious forms of production and employment, and how these factors have impacted on workers and trade unions. The contributors, all leading scholars in their field, investigate central issues including: the role and behaviour of transnational corporations; flexibility, insecurity, individualized and precarious work; individual and collective responses; and ideological forms and justifications. Using rich, diverse examples and case studies they also explore a full range of industries and sectors including agriculture, manufacture, services and state employment, encompassing both mature capitalist economies and global outsourcing to less developed regions. This innovative and timely book provides a multidisciplinary analysis that advances underdeveloped theories and will stimulate further debate and contributions on the roles of states, employers and workers' organizations, as well as ideology and democracy. It will strongly appeal to academics who work, study or research the interrelated fields of global economy and international sociology, globalization, management, human resource management, employee and industrial relations, sociology of work, and international political economy.

This book juxtaposes the experiences of regions that have lived or are living through industrial transition in coal-mining and manufacturing centres throughout Europe, opening the way to a deeper understanding of the intensity of change and of how work helps shape new identities.

An increasing number of theologians and church leaders are questioning the doctrine of penal substitution. The authors offer a fresh re-articulation of the doctrine and its central role, and engage with over twenty specific objections that have been brought against it.

The belief that Jesus died for us, suffering the wrath of his own Father in our place, has been the wellspring of hope for countless Christians through the ages. However, with an increasing number of theologians, church leaders, and even popular Christian books and magazines questioning this doctrine, which naysayers have described as a form of "cosmic child abuse," a fresh articulation and affirmation of penal substitution is needed. And Jeffery, Ovey, and Sach have responded here with clear exposition and analysis.

They make the case not only that the doctrine is clearly taught in Scripture, but that it has an impeccable pedigree and a central place in Christian theology, and that its neglect has serious consequences. The authors also systematically analyze over twenty specific objections that have been brought against penal substitution and charitably but firmly offer a defining declaration of the doctrine of the cross for any concerned reader.