Eighteen. Twenty-one. Sixty-five. In America today, we recognize these numbers as key transitions in our lives-precise moments when our rights and opportunities change-when we become eligible to cast a vote, buy a drink, or enroll in Medicare. This volume brings together scholars of childhood, adulthood, and old age to explore how and why particular ages have come to define the rights and obligations of American citizens. Since the founding of the nation, Americans have relied on chronological age to determine matters as diverse as who can marry, work, be enslaved, drive a car, or qualify for a pension. Contributors to this volume explore what meanings people in the past ascribed to specific ages and whether or not earlier Americans believed the same things about particular ages as we do. The means by which Americans imposed chronological boundaries upon the variable process of growing up and growing old offers a paradigmatic example of how people construct cultural meaning and social hierarchy from embodied experience. Further, chronological age always intersects with other socially constructed categories such as gender, race, and sexuality. Ranging from the seventeenth century to the present, taking up a variety of distinct subcultures-from frontier children and antebellum slaves to twentieth-century Latinas-Age in America makes a powerful case that age has always been a key index of citizenship.

Eighteen. Twenty-one. Sixty-five. In America today, we recognize these numbers as key transitions in our lives-precise moments when our rights and opportunities change-when we become eligible to cast a vote, buy a drink, or enroll in Medicare. This volume brings together scholars of childhood, adulthood, and old age to explore how and why particular ages have come to define the rights and obligations of American citizens. Since the founding of the nation, Americans have relied on chronological age to determine matters as diverse as who can marry, work, be enslaved, drive a car, or qualify for a pension. Contributors to this volume explore what meanings people in the past ascribed to specific ages and whether or not earlier Americans believed the same things about particular ages as we do. The means by which Americans imposed chronological boundaries upon the variable process of growing up and growing old offers a paradigmatic example of how people construct cultural meaning and social hierarchy from embodied experience. Further, chronological age always intersects with other socially constructed categories such as gender, race, and sexuality. Ranging from the seventeenth century to the present, taking up a variety of distinct subcultures-from frontier children and antebellum slaves to twentieth-century Latinas-Age in America makes a powerful case that age has always been a key index of citizenship.

"Infants are fascinating from their very first movements as fetuses until they walk out of infancy into their terrible twos." With these words, Tiffany Field, world renowned developmental psychologist, reminds us of the wonders of infant development. For years parents and professionals marveled at the complexity of infants, but it was not until the 21st century, when explosive advancements in neuroscience began taking place, that sophisticated insights started to emerge. In "The Amazing Infant," Field combines research, theory, and real-life experiences to create a comprehensive and approachable guide to the study of infant development.

With a sharp intellect and engaging writing style, Field examines the most recent studies on infants, exploring cutting-edge research related to a range of intriguing topics from prenatal problems to motor skills and personality development. Enlightening and intelligent, featuring a breadth of accessible information, "The Amazing Infant" is essential reading for students, parents, and professionals alike.

The Global History of Black Girlhood boldly claims that Black girls are so important we should know their histories. Yet, how do we find the stories and materials we need to hear Black girls' voices and understand their lives? Corinne T. Field and LaKisha Michelle Simmons edit a collection of writings that explores the many ways scholars, artists, and activists think and write about Black girls' pasts. The contributors engage in interdisciplinary conversations that consider what it means to be a girl; the meaning of Blackness when seen from the perspectives of girls in different times and places; and the ways Black girls have imagined themselves as part of a global African diaspora. Thought-provoking and original, The Global History of Black Girlhood opens up new possibilities for understanding Black girls in the past while offering useful tools for present-day Black girls eager to explore the histories of those who came before them. Contributors: Janae E. Bonsu, Ruth Nicole Brown, Tara Bynum, Casidy Campbell, Katherine Capshaw, Bev Palesa Ditsie, Sarah Duff, Cynthia Greenlee, Claudrena Harold, Anasa Hicks, Lindsey Jones, Phindile Kunene, Denise Oliver-Velez, Jennifer Palmer, Vanessa Plumly, Shani Roper, SA Smythe, Nastassja Swift, Dara Walker, Najya Williams, and Nazera Wright

First published in 1985. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

"Infants are fascinating from their very first movements as fetuses until they walk out of infancy into their terrible twos." With these words, Tiffany Field, world renowned developmental psychologist, reminds us of the wonders of infant development. For years parents and professionals marveled at the complexity of infants, but it was not until the 21st century, when explosive advancements in neuroscience began taking place, that sophisticated insights started to emerge. In "The Amazing Infant," Field combines research, theory, and real-life experiences to create a comprehensive and approachable guide to the study of infant development.

With a sharp intellect and engaging writing style, Field examines the most recent studies on infants, exploring cutting-edge research related to a range of intriguing topics from prenatal problems to motor skills and personality development. Enlightening and intelligent, featuring a breadth of accessible information, "The Amazing Infant" is essential reading for students, parents, and professionals alike.

The Global History of Black Girlhood boldly claims that Black girls are so important we should know their histories. Yet, how do we find the stories and materials we need to hear Black girls’ voices and understand their lives? Corinne T. Field and LaKisha Michelle Simmons edit a collection of writings that explores the many ways scholars, artists, and activists think and write about Black girls' pasts. The contributors engage in interdisciplinary conversations that consider what it means to be a girl; the meaning of Blackness when seen from the perspectives of girls in different times and places; and the ways Black girls have imagined themselves as part of a global African diaspora. Thought-provoking and original, The Global History of Black Girlhood opens up new possibilities for understanding Black girls in the past while offering useful tools for present-day Black girls eager to explore the histories of those who came before them. Contributors: Janaé E. Bonsu, Ruth Nicole Brown, Tara Bynum, Casidy Campbell, Katherine Capshaw, Bev Palesa Ditsie, Sarah Duff, Cynthia Greenlee, Claudrena Harold, Anasa Hicks, Lindsey Jones, Phindile Kunene, Denise Oliver-Velez, Jennifer Palmer, Vanessa Plumly, Shani Roper, SA Smythe, Nastassja Swift, Dara Walker, Najya Williams, and Nazera Wright

Written to address technical concerns that mobile developers face regardless of the platform (J2ME, WAP, Windows CE, etc.), this 2005 book explores the differences between mobile and stationary applications and the architectural and software development concepts needed to build a mobile application. Using UML as a tool, Reza B'far guides the developer through the development process, showing how to document the design and implementation of the application. He focuses on general concepts, while using platforms as examples or as possible tools. After introducing UML, XML and derivative tools necessary for developing mobile software applications, B'far shows how to build user interfaces for mobile applications. He covers location sensitivity, wireless connectivity, mobile agents, data synchronization, security, and push-based technologies, and finally homes in on the practical issues of mobile application development including the development cycle for mobile applications, testing mobile applications, architectural concerns, and a case study.

This Is A New Release Of The Original 1882 Edition.