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Innovations in hardware architecture, like hyper-threading or multicore processors, mean that parallel computing resources are available for inexpensive desktop computers. In only a few years, many standard software products will be based on concepts of parallel programming implemented on such hardware, and the range of applications will be much broader than that of scientific computing, up to now the main application area for parallel computing. Rauber and Runger take up these recent developments in processor architecture by giving detailed descriptions of parallel programming techniques that are necessary for developing efficient programs for multicore processors as well as for parallel cluster systems and supercomputers. Their book is structured in three main parts, covering all areas of parallel computing: the architecture of parallel systems, parallel programming models and environments, and the implementation of efficient application algorithms. The emphasis lies on parallel programming techniques needed for different architectures. For this second edition, all chapters have been carefully revised. The chapter on architecture of parallel systems has been updated considerably, with a greater emphasis on the architecture of multicore systems and adding new material on the latest developments in computer architecture. Lastly, a completely new chapter on general-purpose GPUs and the corresponding programming techniques has been added. The main goal of the book is to present parallel programming techniques that can be used in many situations for a broad range of application areas and which enable the reader to develop correct and efficient parallel programs. Many examples and exercises are provided to show how to apply the techniques. The book can be used as both a textbook for students and a reference book for professionals. The material presented has been used for courses in parallel programming at different universities for many years.
Dieses Buch stellt die parallele Programmierung fur herkoemmliche Parallelrechner und fur die neuartigen parallelen Plattformen umfassend dar. Neben den Grundlagen der parallelen Programmierung werden portable Programmierumgebungen wie Pthreads, Java-Threads, OpenMP, MPI, PVM oder UPC und die zugehoeigen Programmiermodelle ausfuhrlich behandelt. Parallele Progammiertechniken, die zur erfolgreichen Realisierung effizienter paralleler Programme fuhren, werden mit einer Vielzahl von Beispielen dargestellt. Das Buch ist fur Anfanger und fortgeschrittene Programmierer geeignet.
Die Computergraphik beschaftigt sich mit der Erzeugung und Manipulation von Bildern durch einen Computer. Die erzeugten Darstellungen sind meistens Ab- bilder von nicht in der Realitat existierenden Objekten, die mit mathematischen Verfahren definiert sind. Ein wesentliches Ziel dabei ist es, den dargestellten Objekten ein moeglichst realistisches Aussehen zu verleihen, so dass sie von real existierenden Objekten nicht zu unterscheiden sind. Dadurch wird ein Durch- mischen und UEberblenden von real existierenden und synthetisch definierten Objekten ermoeglicht, die Grenzen zwischen Realitat und Illusion verschwim- men. Dies wird insbesondere von der Film-und Werbeindustrie ausgenutzt, um beim Zuschauer je nach Situation Interesse, Neugier, Verwunderung oder Verbluffung hervorzurufen. Neben diesem vielleicht als Spielerei und unwissenschaftlich zu bezeichnenden Einsatzgebiet haben die Verfahren der Computergraphik mittlerweile Einzug in viele Bereiche des taglichen Lebens genommen. Dabei sind Anwendungen in der Medizin zu nennen, wo z. B. bei der Computertomographie mit Hilfe der Computergraphik ein dreidimensionales Modell eines nicht sichtbaren Be- reiches des menschlichen Koerpers gewonnen wird. Weitere Anwendungsgebiete sind der weite Bereich der CAD (computer aided design), der im Maschinenbau und der Fahrzeugindustrie eine grosse Rolle spielt, und der Bereich der Archi- tektur, wo mit Hilfe des Computers ein Modell des zu erstellenden Gebaudes erzeugt werden kann. Mit Raumplanungswerkzeugen kann ein genaues Modell der Innenraume des Gebaudes entworfen werden, an dem besser als mit jedem anderen Modell aus Pappe oder Holz die Licht-und Klimaverhaltnisse vor Fer- tigstellung des Gebaudes genau analysiert und gegebenenfalls verandert werden koennen.
This textbook covers the new development in processor architecture and parallel hardware. It provides detailed descriptions of parallel programming techniques that are necessary for developing efficient programs for multicore processors as well as for parallel cluster systems and supercomputers. The book is structured in three main parts, covering all areas of parallel computing: the architecture of parallel systems, parallel programming models and environments, and the implementation of efficient application algorithms. The emphasis lies on parallel programming techniques needed for different architectures. In particular, this third edition includes an extended update of the chapter on computer architecture and performance analysis taking new developments such as the aspect of energy consumption into consideration. The description of OpenMP has been extended and now also captures the task concept of OpenMP. The chapter on message-passing programming has been extended and updated to include new features of MPI such as extended reduction operations and non-blocking collective communication operations. The chapter on GPU programming also has been updated. All other chapters also have been revised carefully. The main goal of this book is to present parallel programming techniques that can be used in many situations for many application areas and to enable the reader to develop correct and efficient parallel programs. Many example programs and exercises are provided to support this goal and to show how the techniques can be applied to further applications. The book can be used as a textbook for students as well as a reference book for professionals. The material of the book has been used for courses in parallel programming at different universities for many years.
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