Priority assessment methods are relatively well developed for commodity improvement programs, however, innovation is needed for other, newer areas of research which have impact pathways that are harder to predict. Focusing on priority setting practices for agricultural research, this book analyzes various priority assessment methods and research in the context of real-world experiences and new innovations. Chapters present methods that have been used to articulate, explore and assess impact pathways and research priorities, while also considering their strengths and weaknesses and drawing together methodological lessons.