This textbook introduces Wireless Powered Communication Networks (WPCNs) as a promising paradigm to overcome the energy bottleneck suffered by traditional wireless communication networks, as well as emerging Internet-of-Things networks. It selectively spans a coherent spectrum of fundamental aspects in WPCNs, such as wireless energy transfer (WEH) techniques, radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting receiver model, simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT), as well as the rate-energy tradeoff arising from the joint transmission of information and energy using the same waveform. It covers network models for WPCNs, including the baseline and dual-hop WPCN models and a variety of related extensions. This book further examines the key factors including throughput, fairness, and security that must be taken into account for impeccable operation of WPCNs. The new IoT applications are targeted as a key element in those factors. It will also include exercises and examples throughout the book, as well as their PLS solutions. This is the first textbook examining the current research to provide a unified view of wireless power transfer (WPT) and information transmission in WPCNs from a physical layer security (PLS) perspective. Focused on designing efficient secure transmission schemes, analyzing energy evolvement process, and evaluating secrecy outage performance under different channel state information (CSI), the results presented in this book shed light on how to best balance security and throughput with prudent use of harvested energy in WCNs. It also provides an overview of the WPCNs by introducing the background of WPT, followed by a summary of the research conducted in the field. The authors describe the physical-layer security (PLS) problem in WPCNs, including the causes and the impacts of the problem on the performance of WPCNs. The authors extend the discussions by introducing the applications of WPCNs in the IoT. From the Internet of Things (IoT) point of view, this textbook reviews the opportunities and challenges for the lately-emerged WPCN to seamlessly integrate into the IoT ecosystem. It specifically addresses the maximization problem of uplink and downlink sum-throughout in a dual-hop WPCN, while taking fairness among WPCN users as a constraint. The results provided in this book reveal valuable insights into improving the design and deployment of future WPCNs in the upcoming IoT environment. This textbook targets advanced-level students studying wireless communications and research engineers working in this field. Industry engineers in mobile device and network development business with an interest in WPCNs and IoT, as well as their PLS solutions, will also find this book useful.

This book offers several new GP approaches to feature learning for image classification. Image classification is an important task in computer vision and machine learning with a wide range of applications. Feature learning is a fundamental step in image classification, but it is difficult due to the high variations of images. Genetic Programming (GP) is an evolutionary computation technique that can automatically evolve computer programs to solve any given problem. This is an important research field of GP and image classification. No book has been published in this field. This book shows how different techniques, e.g., image operators, ensembles, and surrogate, are proposed and employed to improve the accuracy and/or computational efficiency of GP for image classification. The proposed methods are applied to many different image classification tasks, and the effectiveness and interpretability of the learned models will be demonstrated. This book is suitable as a graduate and postgraduate level textbook in artificial intelligence, machine learning, computer vision, and evolutionary computation.

This book offers several new GP approaches to feature learning for image classification. Image classification is an important task in computer vision and machine learning with a wide range of applications. Feature learning is a fundamental step in image classification, but it is difficult due to the high variations of images. Genetic Programming (GP) is an evolutionary computation technique that can automatically evolve computer programs to solve any given problem. This is an important research field of GP and image classification. No book has been published in this field. This book shows how different techniques, e.g., image operators, ensembles, and surrogate, are proposed and employed to improve the accuracy and/or computational efficiency of GP for image classification. The proposed methods are applied to many different image classification tasks, and the effectiveness and interpretability of the learned models will be demonstrated. This book is suitable as a graduate and postgraduate level textbook in artificial intelligence, machine learning, computer vision, and evolutionary computation.

This textbook introduces Wireless Powered Communication Networks (WPCNs) as a promising paradigm to overcome the energy bottleneck suffered by traditional wireless communication networks, as well as emerging Internet-of-Things networks. It selectively spans a coherent spectrum of fundamental aspects in WPCNs, such as wireless energy transfer (WEH) techniques, radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting receiver model, simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT), as well as the rate-energy tradeoff arising from the joint transmission of information and energy using the same waveform. It covers network models for WPCNs, including the baseline and dual-hop WPCN models and a variety of related extensions. This book further examines the key factors including throughput, fairness, and security that must be taken into account for impeccable operation of WPCNs. The new IoT applications are targeted as a key element in those factors. It will also include exercises and examples throughout the book, as well as their PLS solutions. This is the first textbook examining the current research to provide a unified view of wireless power transfer (WPT) and information transmission in WPCNs from a physical layer security (PLS) perspective. Focused on designing efficient secure transmission schemes, analyzing energy evolvement process, and evaluating secrecy outage performance under different channel state information (CSI), the results presented in this book shed light on how to best balance security and throughput with prudent use of harvested energy in WCNs. It also provides an overview of the WPCNs by introducing the background of WPT, followed by a summary of the research conducted in the field. The authors describe the physical-layer security (PLS) problem in WPCNs, including the causes and the impacts of the problem on the performance of WPCNs. The authors extend the discussions by introducing the applications of WPCNs in the IoT. From the Internet of Things (IoT) point of view, this textbook reviews the opportunities and challenges for the lately-emerged WPCN to seamlessly integrate into the IoT ecosystem. It specifically addresses the maximization problem of uplink and downlink sum-throughout in a dual-hop WPCN, while taking fairness among WPCN users as a constraint. The results provided in this book reveal valuable insights into improving the design and deployment of future WPCNs in the upcoming IoT environment. This textbook targets advanced-level students studying wireless communications and research engineers working in this field. Industry engineers in mobile device and network development business with an interest in WPCNs and IoT, as well as their PLS solutions, will also find this book useful.

This practical volume in the Biopsy Interpretation Series is your guide to effectively diagnosing surgical pathology specimens from the kidney and adrenal glands, with an emphasis on core needle biopsies. Presented in a reader-friendly format, it features abundant photomicrographs of actual biopsy samples as well as correlative photos of surgical specimens and ancillary immunohistochemical studies. Coverage of each organ includes an introduction to biopsy techniques and an overview of normal histology. Positive diagnoses for renal lesions are described by a pattern approach and tumor type, and adrenal lesions are grouped by primary and metastatic tumors, reflecting the main diagnostic considerations. Renal and adrenalcytology specimens and endoscopic renal pelvic biopsies and are also described.Key Features Uniquely detailed focus addresses the specific techniques and interpretive features of renal and adrenal biopsy. Timely content addresses the use of renal biopsy in minimally invasive therapeutic techniques as well as its role in active surveillance of renal masses. The latest ISUP classifications reflect newly described renal tumors. Clinical implications of each diagnosis are highlighted throughout the text to guide therapeutic decision-making. Exclusive online content includes more than 50 self-assessment questions and 100 additional full-color images. Now with the print edition, enjoy the bundled interactive eBook edition, which can be downloaded to your tablet and smartphone or accessed online and includes features like: 50 questions for review and self-assessment, plus 100 additional full-color images available only online. Complete content with enhanced navigation Powerful search tools and smart navigation cross-links that pull results from content in the book, your notes, and even the web Cross-linked pages, references, and more for easy navigation Highlighting tool for easier reference of key content throughout the text Ability to take and share notes with friends and colleagues Quick reference tabbing to save your favorite content for future use