This book focuses on cartilage defects and new mesenchymal stem cell-based treatments for their repair and regeneration. Early chapters provide a review of current etiological findings and repair methods of cartilage defects. The next chapters discuss fundamental concepts and features of MSCs, including their proliferation, differentiation, migration and immunomodulatory effects. The discussion also includes clinical applications of MSCs in cartilage tissues, especially with regards to various animal models, biomaterials and transferring techniques. Cartilage Regeneration focuses on the biology of MSCs and their possible applications in cartilage reconstruction, with the goal of bringing new insights into regenerative medicine. It will be essential reading for researchers and clinicians in stem cells, regenerative medicine, biomedical engineering and orthopedic surgery.

This book aims to comprehensively summarize the current research status of nanomaterials and cell biology. It highlights the biological effects and biomedical applications of nanomaterials for specific diseases, bone tissue engineering, and skeletal muscle regeneration. It also provides the details of the biomedical applications of nucleic acid nanomaterials in drug delivery carriers, antimicrobial therapy, vaccine, and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, this book renders the audience a better understanding of nanomaterials along with the diverse applications in the cell biology field from recent works to perspectives.

This book aims to comprehensively summarize the current research status of nanomaterials and cell biology. It highlights the biological effects and biomedical applications of nanomaterials for specific diseases, bone tissue engineering, and skeletal muscle regeneration. It also provides the details of the biomedical applications of nucleic acid nanomaterials in drug delivery carriers, antimicrobial therapy, vaccine, and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, this book renders the audience a better understanding of nanomaterials along with the diverse applications in the cell biology field from recent works to perspectives.

This book focuses on cartilage defects and new mesenchymal stem cell-based treatments for their repair and regeneration. Early chapters provide a review of current etiological findings and repair methods of cartilage defects. The next chapters discuss fundamental concepts and features of MSCs, including their proliferation, differentiation, migration and immunomodulatory effects. The discussion also includes clinical applications of MSCs in cartilage tissues, especially with regards to various animal models, biomaterials and transferring techniques. Cartilage Regeneration focuses on the biology of MSCs and their possible applications in cartilage reconstruction, with the goal of bringing new insights into regenerative medicine. It will be essential reading for researchers and clinicians in stem cells, regenerative medicine, biomedical engineering and orthopedic surgery.

Stearic acid, a long-chain fatty acid, has extensive applications in lots of fields, like the rubber industry, cosmetic industry, food industry, biomedical science industry and pharmaceutical industry. In this book, the synthesis, properties and applications of stearic acid are reviewed. Overall, this book provides readers with a professional sight to know about the properties and applications of stearic acid in several important aspects. This book will be a good reference in helping people know the reasons underlying the stearic acid caused phenomena and how to use it in a more appropriate manner.

Adipogenesis is the process of cell differentiation by which preadipocytes become adipocytes. Adipogenesis has been one of the most intensively studied models of cellular differentiation. The exact mechanisms of adipogenesis remain unclear, since it involves abundant gene, growth factors, cytokines and environmental factors. This book provides an in-depth overview of current knowledge about the subject of adipogenesis in the human body, including what is known about molecular mechanisms (eg: cytokine- and growth-factor-related). Transcriptional regulators control the expression of target genes by the interaction with cofactors, coactivators, chromatin remodelling complexes and also with general transcriptional machinery. Current data suggests that adipogenesis is regulated by complex signalling pathway interactions involving multiple transcription factors. Many signaling pathways follow an inverse relationship between osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. To provide better insight into the basic mechanisms of MSC fate determination, it is crucial to understand the various signalling pathways and cytokine interactions that co-ordinate this process. Further elucidation of this dichotomy may both improve understanding of human disease and speed the realisation of MSC mediated tissue engineering. There are a number of gaps in current knowledge of how adipogenesis actually occurs, and the authors are hopeful that the publication of this book will help researchers in this field to decide where to focus their future efforts. Contributions are therefore sought from anyone who is undertaking research in this area. The book will also provide an overview for surgeons and clinicians who wish to be kept abreast of developments in this fascinating subject.