This monograph offers a new foundation for information theory that is based on the notion of information-as-distinctions, being directly measured by logical entropy, and on the re-quantification as Shannon entropy, which is the fundamental concept for the theory of coding and communications. Information is based on distinctions, differences, distinguishability, and diversity. Information sets are defined that express the distinctions made by a partition, e.g., the inverse-image of a random variable so they represent the pre-probability notion of information. Then logical entropy is a probability measure on the information sets, the probability that on two independent trials, a distinction or "dit" of the partition will be obtained. The formula for logical entropy is a new derivation of an old formula that goes back to the early twentieth century and has been re-derived many times in different contexts. As a probability measure, all the compound notions of joint, conditional, and mutual logical entropy are immediate. The Shannon entropy (which is not defined as a measure in the sense of measure theory) and its compound notions are then derived from a non-linear dit-to-bit transform that re-quantifies the distinctions of a random variable in terms of bits-so the Shannon entropy is the average number of binary distinctions or bits necessary to make all the distinctions of the random variable. And, using a linearization method, all the set concepts in this logical information theory naturally extend to vector spaces in general-and to Hilbert spaces in particular-for quantum logical information theory which provides the natural measure of the distinctions made in quantum measurement. Relatively short but dense in content, this work can be a reference to researchers and graduate students doing investigations in information theory, maximum entropy methods in physics, engineering, and statistics, and to all those with a special interest in a new approach to quantum information theory.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th China Conference on Machine Translation, CCMT 2020, held in Xining, China, in October 2021. The 10 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 25 submissions and focus on all aspects of machine translation, including preprocessing, neural machine translation models, hybrid model, evaluation method, and post-editing.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 26th Australasian Conference on Information Security and Privacy, ACISP 2021, held in Perth, WA, Australia, in November 2021.The 35 full papers presented were carefully revised and selected from 157 submissions. The papers present and discuss all aspects of information security and privacy as well as machine learning for privacy and much more.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference, ICSP 2021, held in Jamshedpur, India, in November 2021. The 10 full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 44 submissions. The contributions are organized in the following blocks: Cryptanalysis and other attacks; Symmetric cryptography and hash functions; Mathematical foundations of cryptography; Embedded systems security; Security in hardware; Authentication, Key management, Public key (asymmetric) techniques, and Information-theoretic techniques.

This double volume constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security, FC 2021, held online due to COVID-19, in March 2021.The 47 revised full papers and 4 short papers together with 3 as Systematization of Knowledge (SoK) papers were carefully selected and reviewed from 223 submissions. The accepted papers were organized according to their topics in 12 sessions: Smart Contracts, Anonymity and Privacy in Cryptocurrencies, Secure Multi-Party Computation, System and Application Security, Zero-Knowledge Proofs, Blockchain Protocols, Payment Channels, Mining, Scaling Blockchains, Authentication and Usability, Measurement, and Cryptography.

This book constitutes refereed proceedings of the 9th Conference on Information and Communication Technologies of Ecuador, TICEC 2021, held at the Universidad Politecnica Salesiana (UPS) campus in November 2021. The conference was organized in hybrid mode. The 24 full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 126 qualified submissions. The papers cover a great variety of topics, such as data mining, neural networks, cyberphysical systems, telemedicine, traffic simulation, geospatial information, human-machine interaction, cloud computing, and others. The contributions are divided into the following thematic blocks: Data Science, ICTs Applications, Industry 4.0, Technology and Environment, Biomedical Sensors and Wearables Systems.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Provable Security, ProvSec 2021, held in Guangzhou, China, in November 2021. The 21 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 67 submissions. The papers focus on provable security as an essential tool for analyzing security of modern cryptographic primitives. They are divided in the following topical sections: Searchable Encryption, Key Exchange & Zero Knowledge Proof, Post Quantum Cryptography, Functional Encryption, Digital Signature, and Practical Security Protocols.

This book explores the concepts and techniques of IoT, AI, and blockchain. Also discussed is the possibility of applying blockchain for providing security in various domains. The specific highlight of this book is focused on the application of integrated technologies in enhancing data models, better insights and discovery, intelligent predictions, smarter finance, smart retail, global verification, transparent governance, and innovative audit systems. The book allows both practitioners and researchers to share their opinions and recent research in the convergence of these technologies among academicians and industry people. The contributors present their technical evaluation and compare it with existing technologies. Theoretical explanation and experimental case studies related to real-time scenarios are also included. This book pertains to IT professionals, researchers and academicians working on fourth revolution technologies.

This book provides comprehensive coverage of various Cryptography topics, while highlighting the most recent trends such as quantum, blockchain, lightweight, Chaotic and DNA cryptography. Moreover, this book covers cryptography primitives and its usage and applications and focuses on the fundamental principles of modern cryptography such as Stream Ciphers, block ciphers, public key algorithms and digital signatures. Readers will gain a solid foundation in cryptography and security. This book presents the fundamental mathematical concepts of cryptography. Moreover, this book presents hiding data techniques such as steganography and watermarking. The author also provides a comparative study of the different cryptographic methods, which can be used to solve security problems.

This book constitutes the post-conference proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Information Security and Cryptology, Inscrypt 2021, in August 2021. Due the COVID-19, the conference was held onlineThe 28 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 81 submissions. The papers presents papers about research advances in all areas of information security, cryptology, and their applications.

The four-volume proceedings LNCS 13090, 13091, 13092, and 13093 constitutes the proceedings of the 27th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptology and Information Security, ASIACRYPT 2021, which was held during December 6-10, 2021. The conference was planned to take place in Singapore, but changed to an online format due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The total of 95 full papers presented in these proceedings was carefully reviewed and selected from 341 submissions. The papers were organized in topical sections as follows: Part I: Best paper awards; public-key cryptanalysis; symmetric key cryptanalysis; quantum security; Part II: physical attacks, leakage and countermeasures; multiparty computation; enhanced public-key encryption and time-lock puzzles; real-world protocols; Part III: NIZK and SNARKs; theory; symmetric-key constructions; homomorphic encryption and encrypted search; Part IV: Lattice cryptanalysis; post-quantum cryptography; advanced encryption and signatures; zero-knowledge proofs, threshold and multi-signatures; authenticated key exchange.

This LNCS 13407 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Information and Communications Security, ICICS 2022, held in Canterbury, UK,, in September 2022. The 34 revised full papers presented in the book were carefully selected from 150 submissions The papers are organized around the following topics: Cryptography, Authentication, Privacy and Anonymity, Attacks and Vulnerability Analysis, Artificial Intelligence for Detection, and Network Security and Forensics.

The two volume set LNCS 12972 + 12973 constitutes the proceedings of the 26th European Symposium on Research in Computer Security, ESORICS 2021, which took place during October 4-8, 2021.The 71 full papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 351 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Part I: network security; attacks; fuzzing; malware; user behavior and underground economy; blockchain; machine learning; automotive; anomaly detection; Part II: encryption; cryptography; privacy; differential privacy; zero knowledge; key exchange; multi-party computation.

Gain a basic foundation of essential personal finance issues and strategies, specifically geared towards tech professionals. The book will build on the concepts, such as going from the basics of investments to more advanced topics like alternative investments and tax strategies. In the U.S., about 6 million tech startup employees have stock options. The result is that this can often be the biggest source of wealth, sometimes reaching into the millions. Yet there are many financial and tax complications that have been aggravated with the transition to remote work. This can mean lower returns and missed opportunities, and in some cases, employees may even be subject to actions from the IRS and local tax agencies. The Personal Finance Guide For Tech Professionals is packed with actionable advice and covers the main areas that any tech professional will face. What You'll Learn Track and analyze investments with fintech apps Improve the results of freelance work, such as with strategies to lower taxes Protect your hard-earned assets with insurance and the establishment of entities like LLCs Who This Book Is For The main focus will be on tech employees who get equity compensation. This spans from entry level people to senior executives.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 4th Conference on Creativity in Intellectual Technologies and Data Science, CIT&DS 2021, held in Volgograd, Russia, in September 2021.The 39 full papers, 7 short papers, and 2 keynote papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 182 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: Artificial intelligence and deep learning technologies: knowledge discovery in patent and open sources; open science semantic technologies; IoT and computer vision in knowledge-based control; Cyber-physical systems and big data-driven control: pro-active modeling in intelligent decision making support; design creativity in CASE/CAI/CAD/PDM; intelligent technologies in urban design and computing; Intelligent technologies in social engineering: data science in social networks analysis and cyber security; educational creativity and game-based learning; intelligent assistive technologies: software design and application.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Electronic Voting, E-Vote-ID 2021, held online -due to COVID -19- in Bregenz, Austria, in October 2021. The 14 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 55 submissions. The conference collected the most relevant debates on the development of Electronic Voting, from aspects relating to security and usability through to practical experiences and applications of voting systems, as well as legal, social or political aspects.

This textbook provides a unique lens through which the myriad of existing Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PETs) can be easily comprehended and appreciated. It answers key privacy-centered questions with clear and detailed explanations. Why is privacy important? How and why is your privacy being eroded and what risks can this pose for you? What are some tools for protecting your privacy in online environments? How can these tools be understood, compared, and evaluated? What steps can you take to gain more control over your personal data? This book addresses the above questions by focusing on three fundamental elements: It introduces a simple classification of PETs that allows their similarities and differences to be highlighted and analyzed; It describes several specific PETs in each class, including both foundational technologies and important recent additions to the field; It explains how to use this classification to determine which privacy goals are actually achievable in a given real-world environment. Once the goals are known, this allows the most appropriate PETs to be selected in order to add the desired privacy protection to the target environment. To illustrate, the book examines the use of PETs in conjunction with various security technologies, with the legal infrastructure, and with communication and computing technologies such as Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Machine Learning (ML). Designed as an introductory textbook on PETs, this book is essential reading for graduate-level students in computer science and related fields, prospective PETs researchers, privacy advocates, and anyone interested in technologies to protect privacy in online environments.

The present book includes extended and revised versions of a set of selected papers presented at the 17th International Joint Conference on e-Business and Telecommunications, ICETE 2020, held as an online web-based event (due to the COVID-19 pandemic) in July 2020.ICETE 2020 is a joint conference aimed at bringing together researchers, engineers and practitioners interested in information and communication technologies, including data communication networking, e-business, optical communication systems, security and cryptography, signal processing and multimedia applications, and wireless networks and mobile systems.The 10 full papers included in the volume were carefully selected from the 30 submissions accepted to participate in the conference.

The goal of this Element is to provide a detailed introduction to adaptive inventories, an approach to making surveys adjust to respondents' answers dynamically. This method can help survey researchers measure important latent traits or attitudes accurately while minimizing the number of questions respondents must answer. The Element provides both a theoretical overview of the method and a suite of tools and tricks for integrating it into the normal survey process. It also provides practical advice and direction on how to calibrate, evaluate, and field adaptive batteries using example batteries that measure variety of latent traits of interest to survey researchers across the social sciences.

The ten-volume set LNCS 12949 - 12958 constitutes the proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications, ICCSA 2021, which was held in Cagliari, Italy, during September 13 - 16, 2021. The event was organized in a hybrid mode due to the Covid-19 pandemic.The 466 full and 18 short papers presented in these books were carefully reviewed and selected from 1588 submissions. Part X of the set includes the proceedings of the following workshops: International Workshop on Smart and Sustainable Island Communities (SSIC 2021); International Workshop on Science, Technologies and Policies to Innovate Spatial Planning (STP4P 2021); International Workshop on Sustainable Urban Energy Systems (SUREN-SYS 2021); International Workshop on Ports of the future - smartness and sustainability (SmartPorts 2021); International Workshop on Smart Tourism (SmartTourism 2021); International Workshop on Space Syntax for Cities in Theory and Practice (Syntax_City 2021); International Workshop on Theoretical and Computational Chemistryand its Applications (TCCMA 2021); International Workshop on Urban Form Studies (UForm 2021); International Workshop on Urban Space Accessibility and Safety (USAS2021); International Workshop on Virtual and Augmented Reality and Ap-plcations (VRA 2021); International Workshop on Advanced and Computational Methods for Earth Science applications (WACM4ES 2021).

This double volume constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security, FC 2021, held online due to COVID-19, in March 2021.The 47 revised full papers and 4 short papers together with 3 as Systematization of Knowledge (SoK) papers were carefully selected and reviewed from 223 submissions. The accepted papers were organized according to their topics in 12 sessions: Smart Contracts, Anonymity and Privacy in Cryptocurrencies, Secure Multi-Party Computation, System and Application Security, Zero-Knowledge Proofs, Blockchain Protocols, Payment Channels, Mining, Scaling Blockchains, Authentication and Usability, Measurement, and Cryptography.

The two volume set LNCS 12972 + 12973 constitutes the proceedings of the 26th European Symposium on Research in Computer Security, ESORICS 2021, which took place during October 4-8, 2021. The conference was originally planned to take place in Darmstadt, Germany, but changed to an online event due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The 71 full papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 351 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Part I: network security; attacks; fuzzing; malware; user behavior and underground economy; blockchain; machine learning; automotive; anomaly detection; Part II: encryption; cryptography; privacy; differential privacy; zero knowledge; key exchange; multi-party computation.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Code-Based Cryptography, CBCrypto 2021, which was held during June 21-22, 2021. The workshop was initially planned to take place in Munich, Germany, but changed to an online event due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The 6 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 14 submissions. These contributions span all aspects of code-based cryptography, from design to implementation, and including studies of security, new systems, and improved decoding algorithms.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th EAI International Conference on Industrial Networks and Intelligent Systems, INISCOM 2022, held in April 2022. Due to COVID-19 pandemic the conference was held virtually. The 19 full papers were selected from 48 submissions and are organized thematically in tracks on Telecommunications Systems and Networks; Information Processing and Data Analysis; Industrial Networks and Intelligent Systems; Security and Privacy.

The four-volume set, LNCS 12825, LNCS 12826, LNCS 12827, and LNCS 12828, constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 41st Annual International Cryptology Conference, CRYPTO 2021. Crypto has traditionally been held at UCSB every year, but due to the COVID-19 pandemic it was an online event in 2021.The 103 full papers presented in the proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 426 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: Part I: Award Papers; Signatures; Quantum Cryptography; Succinct Arguments. Part II: Multi-Party Computation; Lattice Cryptography; and Lattice Cryptanalysis. Part III: Models; Applied Cryptography and Side Channels; Cryptanalysis; Codes and Extractors; Secret Sharing. Part IV: Zero Knowledge; Encryption++; Foundations; Low-Complexity Cryptography; Protocols.