In October 2000, the US National Institute of Standards and Technology selected the block cipher Rijndael as the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). AES is expected to gradually replace the present Data Encryption Standard (DES) as the most widely applied data encryption technology. This book by the designers of the block cipher presents Rijndael from scratch. The underlying mathematics and the wide trail strategy as the basic design idea are explained in detail and the basics of differential and linear cryptanalysis are reworked. Subsequent chapters review all known attacks against the Rijndael structure and deal with implementation and optimization issues. Finally, other ciphers related to Rijndael are presented. This book is THE authoritative guide to the Rijndael algorithm and AES. Professionals, researchers, and students active or interested in data encryption will find it a valuable source of information and reference.

Cybersecurity for medical devices is no longer optional. We must not allow sensationalism or headlines to drive the discussion... Nevertheless, we must proceed with urgency. In the end, this is about preventing patient harm and preserving patient trust. A comprehensive guide to medical device secure lifecycle management, this is a book for engineers, managers, and regulatory specialists. Readers gain insight into the security aspects of every phase of the product lifecycle, including concept, design, implementation, supply chain, manufacturing, postmarket surveillance, maintenance, updates, and end of life. Learn how to mitigate or completely avoid common cybersecurity vulnerabilities introduced during development and production. Grow your awareness of cybersecurity development topics ranging from high-level concepts to practical solutions and tools. Get insight into emerging regulatory and customer expectations. Uncover how to minimize schedule impacts and accelerate time-to-market while still accomplishing the main goal: reducing patient and business exposure to cybersecurity risks. Medical Device Cybersecurity for Engineers and Manufacturers is designed to help all stakeholders lead the charge to a better medical device security posture and improve the resilience of our medical device ecosystem.

Web Dynpro ABAP, a NetWeaver web application user interface tool from SAP, enables web programming connected to SAP Systems. The authors' main focus was to create a book based on their own practical experience. Each chapter includes examples which lead through the content step-by-step and enable the reader to gradually explore and grasp the Web Dynpro ABAP process. The authors explain in particular how to design Web Dynpro components, the data binding and interface methods, and the view controller methods. They also describe the other SAP NetWeaver Elements (ABAP Dictionary, Authorization) and the integration of the Web Dynpro Application into the SAP NetWeaver Portal. The new edition has been expanded to include chapters on subjects such as POWER Lists; creating the Modal Windows and External Windows; using Web Dynpro application parameters and Shared Objects to communicate between the Web Dynpro ABAP Application and Business Server Pages; and creating multi-language mails using Web Dynpro ABAP.

This book tells the story of government-sponsored wiretapping in Britain and the United States from the rise of telephony in the 1870s until the terrorist attacks of 9/11. It pays particular attention to the 1990s, which marked one of the most dramatic turns in the history of telecommunications interception. During that time, fiber optic and satellite networks rapidly replaced the copper-based analogue telephone system that had remained virtually unchanged since the 1870s. That remarkable technological advance facilitated the rise of the networked home computer, cellular telephony, and the Internet, and users hailed the dawn of the digital information age. However, security agencies such as the FBI and MI5 were concerned. Since the emergence of telegraphy in the 1830s, security services could intercept private messages using wiretaps, and this was facilitated by some of the world's largest telecommunications monopolies such as AT&T in the US and British Telecom in the UK. The new, digital networks were incompatible with traditional wiretap technology. To make things more complicated for the security services, these monopolies had been privatized and broken up into smaller companies during the 1980s, and in the new deregulated landscape the agencies had to seek assistance from thousands of startup companies that were often unwilling to help. So for the first time in history, technological and institutional changes posed a threat to the security services' wiretapping activities, and government officials in Washington and London acted quickly to protect their ability to spy, they sought to force the industry to change the very architecture of the digital telecommunications network. This book describes in detail the tense negotiations between governments, the telecommunications industry, and civil liberties groups during an unprecedented moment in history when the above security agencies were unable to wiretap. It reveals for the first time the thoughts of some of the protagonists in these crucial negotiations, and explains why their outcome may have forever altered the trajectory of our information society.

The terms groupware and CSCW (Computer-Supported Cooperative Work) have received significant attention in computer science and related disciplines for quite some time now. This book has two main objectives: first, to outline the meaning of both terms, and second, to point out both the numerous opportunities for users of CSCW systems and the risks of applying them. The book introduces in detail an interdisciplinary application area of distributed systems, namely the computer support of individuals trying to solve a problem in cooperation with each other but not necessarily having identical work places or working times. CSCW can be viewed as a synergism between the areas of distributed systems and (multimedia) communications on the one hand and those of information science and socio-organizational theory on the other hand. Thus, the book is addressed to students of all these disciplines, as well as to users and developers of systems with group communication and cooperation as top priorities.

As the diffusion and use of technology applications have accelerated in organizational and societal domains, behavioral and social dynamics have inevitably created the potential for negative as well as positive consequences and events associated with technology. A pressing need within organizations and societies has therefore emerged for robust, proactive information security measures that can prevent as well as ameliorate breaches, attacks, and abuses.""The Handbook of Research on Social and Organizational Liabilities in Information Security"" offers a critical mass of insightful, authoritative articles on the most salient contemporary issues of managing social and human aspects of information security. Aimed at providing immense scholarly value to researchers, academicians, and practitioners in the area of information technology and security, this landmark reference collection provides estimable coverage of pertinent issues such as employee surveillance, information security policies, and password authentication.

As the use of digital technology has grown, so necessarily has the body of research into its effects at the personal, group and organizational levels, but there is no one book that looks at how digital technology has specifically influenced creativity. Digital Creativity: Individuals, Groups, and Organizations discusses all spectrums of influence that digital technologies have on creativity from the individual, team, and organization level. This book offers a new kind of creativity model encompassing all three levels of creativity. It combines each level into a unified creativity framework in which organizations regardless of their industry types could benefit in reengineering their business processes as well as strategies. For this purpose, the book considers various factors that would affect creativity- individuals' digital efficacy, heterogeneity among members (i.e., age, gender, races, tenure, education, and culture, etc), CMC (Computer-Mediated Communication), task complexity, exploitation, exploration, culture, organizational learning capability, and knowledge networks among members. This book introduces a theorized and systematic glimpse into the exciting realm of digital creativity. It is organized with contents starting from individuals to teams and ultimately to organizations, each with various techniques and cases. Each chapter shows how individuals, teams, and organizations can become more creative through use of digital technologies.

IP technology has progressed from being a scientific topic to being one of the most popular technologies in networking. Concurrently, a number of new innovations and technological advances have been developed and brought to the marketplace. These new ideas, concepts and products are likely to have a tremendous influence on businesses and on our everyday lives. This book addresses many of these newer technological developments and provides insights for engineers and scientists developing new technological components, devices and products. explores how they are being implemented in the real world. The author examines numerous implementation details related to IP equipment and software. The material is organized by application so that readers can better understand the uses of IP technology. Included are details of implementation issues and state-of-the-art equipment and software. descriptions of Cisco 12410 GSR and Juniper M160, and IP software stack details are also included for several popular operating systems such as Windows, BSD, VxWorks and Linux.

Written by one of the founding fathers of Quantum Information, this book gives an accessible (albeit mathematically rigorous), self-contained introduction to quantum information theory. The central role is played by the concept of quantum channel and its entropic and information characteristics. In this revised edition, the main results have been updated to reflect the most recent developments in this very active field of research.

Collaborative Networks is a fast developing area, as shown by the already large number of diverse real-world implemented cases and the dynamism of its related involved research community. Benefiting from contributions of multiple areas, nameley management, economy, social sciences, law and ethics, etc., the area of Collaborative Networs is being consolidated as a new scientific discipline of its own. On one hand significant steps towards a stronger theoretical foundation for this new discipline are developed and applied in industry and services.

Based on the experiences and lessons learned in many research projects and pilot cases developed during the last decade, a new emphasis is now being put on the development of holistic frameworks, combining business models, conceptual models, governance principles and methods, as well as supporting infrastructures and services. In fact, researching the phase in which the computer and networking technologies provide a good starting basis for the establishment of collaborative platforms, the emphasis is now turning to the understanding of the collaboration promotion mechanisms and CN governance principles. Therefore, issues such as the value systems, trust, performance and benefits distribution are gaining more importance. Encompassing all these developments, the efforts to develp reference models for collaborative networks represent a major challenge in order to provide the foundation for further developments of the CN.

PRO-VE represents a good synthesis of the work in this area, and plays an active role in the promotion of these activities. Being recognized as the most focused scientific and technical conference on CollaborativeNetworks, PRO-VE continues to offer the opportunity for presentation and discussion of both the latest research developments as well as the practical application case studies. Following the vision of IFIP and SOCOLNET, the PRO-VE conference offers a forum for collaboration and knowledge exchange among experts from different regions of the world.

Lo, soul! seest thou not God's purpose from the first? The earth to be spann'd, connected by net-work From Passage to India! Walt Whitman, "Leaves of Grass", 1900. The Internet is growing at a tremendous rate today. New services, such as telephony and multimedia, are being added to the pure data-delivery framework of yesterday. Such high demands on capacity could lead to a "bandwidth-crunch" at the core wide-area network resulting in degra dation of service quality. Fortunately, technological innovations have emerged which can provide relief to the end-user to overcome the In ternet's well-known delay and bandwidth limitations. At the physical layer, a major overhaul of existing networks has been envisaged from electronic media (such as twisted-pair and cable) to optical fibers - in the wide area, in the metropolitan area, and even in the local area set tings. In order to exploit the immense bandwidth potential of the optical fiber, interesting multiplexing techniques have been developed over the years. Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) is such a promising tech nique in which multiple channels are operated along a single fiber si multaneously, each on a different wavelength. These channels can be independently modulated to accommodate dissimilar bit rates and data formats, if so desired. Thus, WDM carves up the huge bandwidth of an optical fiber into channels whose bandwidths (1-10 Gbps) are compati ble with peak electronic processing speed.

User authentication is the process of verifying whether the identity of a user is genuine prior to granting him or her access to resources or services in a secured environment. Traditionally, user authentication is performed statically at the point of entry of the system; however, continuous authentication (CA) seeks to address the shortcomings of this method by providing increased session security and combating insider threat. Continuous Authentication Using Biometrics: Data, Models, and Metrics presents chapters on continuous authentication using biometrics that have been contributed by the leading experts in this recent, fast growing research area. These chapters collectively provide a thorough and concise introduction to the field of biometric-based continuous authentication. The book covers the conceptual framework underlying continuous authentication and presents detailed processing models for various types of practical continuous authentication applications.

Today's advancements in technology have brought about a new era of speed and simplicity for consumers and businesses. Due to these new benefits, the possibilities of universal connectivity, storage and computation are made tangible, thus leading the way to new Internet-of Things solutions. Resource Management and Efficiency in Cloud Computing Environments is an authoritative reference source for the latest scholarly research on the emerging trends of cloud computing and reveals the benefits cloud paths provide to consumers. Featuring coverage across a range of relevant perspectives and topics, such as big data, cloud security, and utility computing, this publication is an essential source for researchers, students and professionals seeking current research on the organization and productivity of cloud computing environments. Topics Covered: Big Data Cloud Application Services (SaaS) Cloud Security Hybrid Cloud Internet of Things (IoT) Private Cloud Public Cloud Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) Utility Computing Virtualization Technology

The interaction paradigm is a new conceptualization of computational phenomena that emphasizes interaction over algorithms, reflecting the shift in technology from main-frame number-crunching to distributed intelligent networks with graphical user interfaces. The book is arranged in four sections: "Introduction," comprising three chapters that explore and summarize the fundamentals of interactive computation; "Theory" with six chapters, each discussing a specific aspect of interaction; "Applications," five chapters showing how this principle is applied in subdisciplines of computer science; and "New Directions," presenting four multidisciplinary applications. The book challenges traditional Turing machine-based answers to fundamental questions of problem solving and the scope of computation.

This book introduces readers to the background and principles of mobile service computing. It discusses various aspects of service computing in mobile environments, including key methods and techniques for service selection, recommendation, composition, offloading, execution, deployment, and provision.

Metropolitan Area WDM Networks: An AWG Based Approach provides a comprehensive and technically detailed overview of the latest metropolitan area WDM network experimental systems, architectures, and access protocols. Its main focus is on the novel star WDM networks based on a wavelength-selective Arrayed-Waveguide Grating (AWG). Network researchers, engineers, professionals, and graduate students will benefit from the thorough overview and gain an in-depth understanding of current and next-generation metro WDM networks.

The AWG based metro star WDM network is discussed at length and extensively investigated by means of stochastic analyses and simulations. The book provides:
*an up-to-date overview of ring and star metro WDM networks and access protocols,
*in-depth performance comparison studies of AWG based multihop vs. single-hop WDM networks and AWG vs. Passive Star Coupler based single-hop WDM networks,
*a thorough description of the AWG based network and node architectures and access protocols,
*a novel highly-efficient approach to provide survivability for star WDM networks,
*extensive analytical results for both unicast and multicast variable-size packet traffic and bandwidth on demand,
*supplementary simulation results, including packet header trace files.

Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) Systems Architecture and Design gives a jump-start to engineers developing O-RAN hardware and software systems, providing a top-down approach to O-RAN systems design. It gives an introduction into why wireless systems look the way they do today before introducing relevant O-RAN and 3GPP standards. The remainder of the book discusses hardware and software aspects of O-RAN system design, including dimensioning and performance targets.

Security is the science and technology of secure communications and resource protection from security violation such as unauthorized access and modification. Putting proper security in place gives us many advantages. It lets us exchange confidential information and keep it confidential. We can be sure that a piece of information received has not been changed. Nobody can deny sending or receiving a piece of information. We can control which piece of information can be accessed, and by whom. We can know when a piece of information was accessed, and by whom. Networks and databases are guarded against unauthorized access. We have seen the rapid development of the Internet and also increasing security requirements in information networks, databases, systems, and other information resources. This comprehensive book responds to increasing security needs in the marketplace, and covers networking security and standards. There are three types of readers who are interested in security: non-technical readers, general technical readers who do not implement security, and technical readers who actually implement security. This book serves all three by providing a comprehensive explanation of fundamental issues of networking security, concept and principle of security standards, and a description of some emerging security technologies. The approach is to answer the following questions: 1. What are common security problems and how can we address them? 2. What are the algorithms, standards, and technologies that can solve common security problems? 3.

This book provides a timely overview of the impacts of digitalization from the perspective of everyday life, and argues that one central issue in digitalization is the development of new types of services that digitalization enables, but which are often overlooked due to the focus on new technologies and devices. The book summarizes the past 20 years of research into the relationship between information and communications technology (ICT) and service innovation, and reveals that the ongoing digitalization is a qualitatively different phenomenon and represents a true paradigm shift. The all-encompassing integration and distribution of data raises critical issues such as preserving human dignity and individual autonomy; moreover, interaction practices that foster broad participation, trust, learning, and a willingness to share knowledge are called for. Citizen empowerment and multi-actor co-creation have become central to using digitalization to support the development of wellbeing and sustainability. Further, the book shows how employees and professionals can and should be involved in designing their future work, and in evaluating it. Proactiveness and participation in innovation endeavours are ways to guarantee meaningful work in an age of socio-technical transition. The book employs a variety of theoretical approaches and perspectives from diverse disciplines to illustrate these needs. In addition to theoretical analyses, some specific application areas are examined, e.g. services in health and social care, and problems linked to robots in elderly care. Given its scope, the book is highly recommended to all readers seeking an overview of the current understanding of the human side of digitalization and searching for concrete cases from different countries to illustrate the topic.

In addition to capital infrastructure and consumers, digital information created by individual and corporate consumers of information technology is quickly being recognised as a key economic resource and an extremely valuable asset to a company. Organizational, Legal, and Technological Dimensions of Information System Administration recognises the importance of information technology by addressing the most crucial issues, challenges, opportunities, and solutions related to the role and responsibility of an information system. Highlighting various aspects of the organizational and legal implications of system administration, this reference work will be useful to managers, IT professionals, and graduate students who seek to gain an understanding in this discipline.

This book constitutes Part III of the refereed four-volume post-conference proceedings of the 4th IFIP TC 12 International Conference on Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture, CCTA 2010, held in Nanchang, China, in October 2010. The 352 revised papers presented were carefully selected from numerous submissions. They cover a wide range of interesting theories and applications of information technology in agriculture, including simulation models and decision-support systems for agricultural production, agricultural product quality testing, traceability and e-commerce technology, the application of information and communication technology in agriculture, and universal information service technology and service systems development in rural areas.

 Chapter 1:  Introduction and Overview

This book provides a comprehensive introduction to video traces and their use in networking research. After first providing the basics of digital video and video coding, video traces are introduced, covering the metrics captured in the traces, the trace generation, as well as the statistical characteristics of the video characterized in the traces. Attention is then turned to the use of the video traces in networking research, examining the practical aspects of transporting video over Internet Protocol (IP) networks and the simulation of video transport using traces, including the simulations using the offset distortion traces. Software tools and utilities that facilitate the use of video traces in network simulations and other video networking related software tools are also presented.

This book provides an original graph theoretical approach to the fundamental properties of wireless mobile ad-hoc networks. This approach is combined with a realistic radio model for physical links between nodes to produce new insight into network characteristics like connectivity, degree distribution, hopcount, interference and capacity. The book establishes directives for designing ad-hoc networks and sensor networks. It will interest the academic community, and engineers who roll out ad-hoc and sensor networks.