This book provides an overview of the topics of data, sovereignty, and governance with respect to data and online activities through a legal lens and from a cybersecurity perspective. This first chapter explores the concepts of data, ownerships, and privacy with respect to digital media and content, before defining the intersection of sovereignty in law with application to data and digital media content. The authors delve into the issue of digital governance, as well as theories and systems of governance on a state level, national level, and corporate/organizational level. Chapter three jumps into the complex area of jurisdictional conflict of laws and the related issues regarding digital activities in international law, both public and private. Additionally, the book discusses the many technical complexities which underlay the evolution and creation of new law and governance strategies and structures. This includes socio-political, legal, and industrial technical complexities which can apply in these areas. The fifth chapter is a comparative examination of the legal strategies currently being explored by a variety of nations. The book concludes with a discussion about emerging topics which either influence, or are influenced by, data sovereignty and digital governance, such as indigenous data sovereignty, digital human rights and self-determination, artificial intelligence, and global digital social responsibility. Cumulatively, this book provides the full spectrum of information, from foundational principles underlining the described topics, through to the larger, more complex, evolving issues which we can foresee ahead of us.

A statisticallanguage model, or more simply a language model, is a prob abilistic mechanism for generating text. Such adefinition is general enough to include an endless variety of schemes. However, a distinction should be made between generative models, which can in principle be used to synthesize artificial text, and discriminative techniques to classify text into predefined cat egories. The first statisticallanguage modeler was Claude Shannon. In exploring the application of his newly founded theory of information to human language, Shannon considered language as a statistical source, and measured how weH simple n-gram models predicted or, equivalently, compressed natural text. To do this, he estimated the entropy of English through experiments with human subjects, and also estimated the cross-entropy of the n-gram models on natural 1 text. The ability of language models to be quantitatively evaluated in tbis way is one of their important virtues. Of course, estimating the true entropy of language is an elusive goal, aiming at many moving targets, since language is so varied and evolves so quickly. Yet fifty years after Shannon's study, language models remain, by all measures, far from the Shannon entropy liInit in terms of their predictive power. However, tbis has not kept them from being useful for a variety of text processing tasks, and moreover can be viewed as encouragement that there is still great room for improvement in statisticallanguage modeling."

This book highlights future research directions and latent solutions by integrating AI and Blockchain 6G networks, comprising computation efficiency, algorithms robustness, hardware development and energy management. This book brings together leading researchers in Academia and industry from diverse backgrounds to deliver to the technical community an outline of emerging technologies, advanced architectures, challenges, open issues and future directions of 6G networks. This book is written for researchers, professionals and students to learn about the integration of technologies such as AI and Blockchain into 6G network and communications. This book addresses the topics such as consensus protocol, architecture, intelligent dynamic resource management, security and privacy in 6G to integrate AI and Blockchain and new real-time application with further research opportunities.

Pattern recognition in data is a well known classical problem that falls under the ambit of data analysis. As we need to handle different data, the nature of patterns, their recognition and the types of data analyses are bound to change. Since the number of data collection channels increases in the recent time and becomes more diversified, many real-world data mining tasks can easily acquire multiple databases from various sources. In these cases, data mining becomes more challenging for several essential reasons. We may encounter sensitive data originating from different sources - those cannot be amalgamated. Even if we are allowed to place different data together, we are certainly not able to analyze them when local identities of patterns are required to be retained. Thus, pattern recognition in multiple databases gives rise to a suite of new, challenging problems different from those encountered before. Association rule mining, global pattern discovery and mining patterns of select items provide different patterns discovery techniques in multiple data sources. Some interesting item-based data analyses are also covered in this book. Interesting patterns, such as exceptional patterns, icebergs and periodic patterns have been recently reported. The book presents a thorough influence analysis between items in time-stamped databases. The recent research on mining multiple related databases is covered while some previous contributions to the area are highlighted and contrasted with the most recent developments.

Continuous Media Databases brings together in one place important contributions and up-to-date research results in this fast moving area. Continuous Media Databases serves as an excellent reference, providing insight into some of the most challenging research issues in the field.

This BriefBook is a much extended glossary or a much condensed handbook, depending on the way one looks at it. In encyclopedic format, it covers subjects in statistics, computing, analysis, and related fields, resulting in a book that is both an introduction and a reference for scientists and engineers, especially experimental physicists dealing with data analysis.

This book documents progress and presents a broad perspective of recent developments in database security. It also discusses in depth the current state-of-the-art in research in the field. A number of topics are explored in detail including: current reseearch in database security and the state of security controls in present commercial database systems. Database Security IX will be essential reading for advanced students working in the area of database security research and development in for industrial researchers in this technical area.

This book provides an overview of how comparable corpora can be used to overcome the lack of parallel resources when building machine translation systems for under-resourced languages and domains. It presents a wealth of methods and open tools for building comparable corpora from the Web, evaluating comparability and extracting parallel data that can be used for the machine translation task. It is divided into several sections, each covering a specific task such as building, processing, and using comparable corpora, focusing particularly on under-resourced language pairs and domains. The book is intended for anyone interested in data-driven machine translation for under-resourced languages and domains, especially for developers of machine translation systems, computational linguists and language workers. It offers a valuable resource for specialists and students in natural language processing, machine translation, corpus linguistics and computer-assisted translation, and promotes the broader use of comparable corpora in natural language processing and computational linguistics.

This book highlights new trends and challenges in research on agents and the new digital and knowledge economy. It includes papers on business process management, agent-based modeling and simulation, and anthropic-oriented computing that were originally presented at the 15th International KES Conference on Agents and Multi-Agent Systems: Technologies and Applications (KES-AMSTA 2021), being held as a Virtual Conference in June 14-16, 2021. The respective papers cover topics such as software agents, multi-agent systems, agent modeling, mobile and cloud computing, big data analysis, business intelligence, artificial intelligence, social systems, computer embedded systems, and nature-inspired manufacturing, all of which contribute to the modern digital economy.

This book aims to highlight the latest achievements in the use of AI and multimodal artificial intelligence in biomedicine and healthcare. Multimodal AI is a relatively new concept in AI, in which different types of data (e.g. text, image, video, audio, and numerical data) are collected, integrated, and processed through a series of intelligence processing algorithms to improve performance. The edited volume contains selected papers presented at the 2022 Health Intelligence workshop and the associated Data Hackathon/Challenge, co-located with the Thirty-Sixth Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) conference, and presents an overview of the issues, challenges, and potentials in the field, along with new research results. This book provides information for researchers, students, industry professionals, clinicians, and public health agencies interested in the applications of AI and Multimodal AI in public health and medicine.

This open access book covers the use of data science, including advanced machine learning, big data analytics, Semantic Web technologies, natural language processing, social media analysis, time series analysis, among others, for applications in economics and finance. In addition, it shows some successful applications of advanced data science solutions used to extract new knowledge from data in order to improve economic forecasting models. The book starts with an introduction on the use of data science technologies in economics and finance and is followed by thirteen chapters showing success stories of the application of specific data science methodologies, touching on particular topics related to novel big data sources and technologies for economic analysis (e.g. social media and news); big data models leveraging on supervised/unsupervised (deep) machine learning; natural language processing to build economic and financial indicators; and forecasting and nowcasting of economic variables through time series analysis. This book is relevant to all stakeholders involved in digital and data-intensive research in economics and finance, helping them to understand the main opportunities and challenges, become familiar with the latest methodological findings, and learn how to use and evaluate the performances of novel tools and frameworks. It primarily targets data scientists and business analysts exploiting data science technologies, and it will also be a useful resource to research students in disciplines and courses related to these topics. Overall, readers will learn modern and effective data science solutions to create tangible innovations for economic and financial applications.

This book provides an overview of fake news detection, both through a variety of tutorial-style survey articles that capture advancements in the field from various facets and in a somewhat unique direction through expert perspectives from various disciplines. The approach is based on the idea that advancing the frontier on data science approaches for fake news is an interdisciplinary effort, and that perspectives from domain experts are crucial to shape the next generation of methods and tools. The fake news challenge cuts across a number of data science subfields such as graph analytics, mining of spatio-temporal data, information retrieval, natural language processing, computer vision and image processing, to name a few. This book will present a number of tutorial-style surveys that summarize a range of recent work in the field. In a unique feature, this book includes perspective notes from experts in disciplines such as linguistics, anthropology, medicine and politics that will help to shape the next generation of data science research in fake news. The main target groups of this book are academic and industrial researchers working in the area of data science, and with interests in devising and applying data science technologies for fake news detection. For young researchers such as PhD students, a review of data science work on fake news is provided, equipping them with enough know-how to start engaging in research within the area. For experienced researchers, the detailed descriptions of approaches will enable them to take seasoned choices in identifying promising directions for future research.

This book presents Proceedings of the International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Networks (ICISN 2021), held at Hanoi in Vietnam. It includes peer-reviewed high-quality articles on intelligent system and networks. It brings together professionals and researchers in the area and presents a platform for exchange of ideas and to foster future collaboration. The topics covered in this book include-foundations of computer science; computational intelligence language and speech processing; software engineering software development methods; wireless communications signal processing for communications; electronics track IoT and sensor systems embedded systems; etc.

This book constitutes the refereed post-conference proceedings of the Fifth IFIP TC 12 International Conference on Computational Intelligence in Data Science, ICCIDS 2022, held virtually, in March 2022. The 28 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 96 submissions. The papers cover topics such as computational intelligence for text analysis; computational intelligence for image and video analysis; blockchain and data science.

This book is a collection of representative and novel works in the field of data mining, knowledge discovery, clustering and classification. Discussing both theoretical and practical aspects of "Knowledge Discovery and Management" (KDM), it is intended for researchers interested in these fields, including PhD and MSc students, and researchers from public or private laboratories. The contributions included are extended and reworked versions of six of the best papers that were originally presented in French at the EGC'2016 conference held in Reims (France) in January 2016. This was the 16th edition of this successful conference, which takes place each year, and also featured workshops and other events with the aim of promoting exchanges between researchers and companies concerned with KDM and its applications in business, administration, industry and public organizations. For more details about the EGC society, please consult egc.asso.fr.

This volume offers the reader a systematic and throughout account of branches of logic instrumental for computer science, data science and artificial intelligence. Addressed in it are propositional, predicate, modal, epistemic, dynamic, temporal logics as well as applicable in data science many-valued logics and logics of concepts (rough logics). It offers a look into second-order logics and approximate logics of parts. The book concludes with appendices on set theory, algebraic structures, computability, complexity, MV-algebras and transition systems, automata and formal grammars. By this composition of the text, the reader obtains a self-contained exposition that can serve as the textbook on logics and relevant disciplines as well as a reference text.

These are the proceedings of the Eleventh International Information Security Conference which was held in Cape Town, South Africa, May 1995. This conference addressed the information security requirements of the next decade and papers were presented covering a wide range of subjects including current industry expectations and current research aspects. The evolutionary development of information security as a professional and research discipline was discussed along with security in open distributed systems and security in groupware.

Educational Data Analytics (EDA) have been attributed with significant benefits for enhancing on-demand personalized educational support of individual learners as well as reflective course (re)design for achieving more authentic teaching, learning and assessment experiences integrated into real work-oriented tasks. This open access textbook is a tutorial for developing, practicing and self-assessing core competences on educational data analytics for digital teaching and learning. It combines theoretical knowledge on core issues related to collecting, analyzing, interpreting and using educational data, including ethics and privacy concerns. The textbook provides questions and teaching materials/ learning activities as quiz tests of multiple types of questions, added after each section, related to the topic studied or the video(s) referenced. These activities reproduce real-life contexts by using a suitable use case scenario (storytelling), encouraging learners to link theory with practice; self-assessed assignments enabling learners to apply their attained knowledge and acquired competences on EDL. By studying this book, you will know where to locate useful educational data in different sources and understand their limitations; know the basics for managing educational data to make them useful; understand relevant methods; and be able to use relevant tools; know the basics for organising, analysing, interpreting and presenting learner-generated data within their learning context, understand relevant learning analytics methods and be able to use relevant learning analytics tools; know the basics for analysing and interpreting educational data to facilitate educational decision making, including course and curricula design, understand relevant teaching analytics methods and be able to use relevant teaching analytics tools; understand issues related with educational data ethics and privacy. This book is intended for school leaders and teachers engaged in blended (using the flipped classroom model) and online (during COVID-19 crisis and beyond) teaching and learning; e-learning professionals (such as, instructional designers and e-tutors) of online and blended courses; instructional technologists; researchers as well as undergraduate and postgraduate university students studying education, educational technology and relevant fields.

Although an emerging technology, blockchain is here to stay. Since its inception, imaginative thinkers have identified new ways for this powerful technology to bring innovative solutions to problems in the business world. Considered by many as an extreme and disruptive change, how can business leaders overcome resistance to the implementation of blockchain solutions and maximize its potential? The Emerald Handbook of Blockchain for Business equips academics, practitioners, and students with a broad understanding of the cutting-edge developments and applications of emerging blockchain technology. Covering the basic concepts while also showcasing practical applications in intricate real-world situations, this handbook bridges the gap between theory and practice, providing a useful balance of detailed and user-friendly coverage. Facilitating readers with a working knowledge of how blockchain functions and integrates within the business world, this handbook is essential reading for academics looking for a springboard for further research and practitioners needing a go-to resource for navigating the implementation of this fast-moving new technology.

Signal processing captures, interprets, describes and manipulates physical phenomena. Mathematics, statistics, probability, and stochastic processes are among the signal processing languages we use to interpret real-world phenomena, model them, and extract useful information. This book presents different kinds of signals humans use and applies them for human machine interaction to communicate. Signal Processing and Machine Learning with Applications presents methods that are used to perform various Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence tasks in conjunction with their applications. It is organized in three parts: Realms of Signal Processing; Machine Learning and Recognition; and Advanced Applications and Artificial Intelligence. The comprehensive coverage is accompanied by numerous examples, questions with solutions, with historical notes. The book is intended for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students, researchers and practitioners who are engaged with signal processing, machine learning and the applications.

This book is devoted to the leading research in applying learning automaton (LA) and heuristics for solving benchmark and real-world optimization problems. The ever-increasing application of the LA as a promising reinforcement learning technique in artificial intelligence makes it necessary to provide scholars, scientists, and engineers with a practical discussion on LA solutions for optimization. The book starts with a brief introduction to LA models for optimization. Afterward, the research areas related to LA and optimization are addressed as bibliometric network analysis. Then, LA's application in behavior control in evolutionary computation, and memetic models of object migration automata and cellular learning automata for solving NP hard problems are considered. Next, an overview of multi-population methods for DOPs, LA's application in dynamic optimization problems (DOPs), and the function evaluation management in evolutionary multi-population for DOPs are discussed. Highlighted benefits * Presents the latest advances in learning automata-based optimization approaches. * Addresses the memetic models of learning automata for solving NP-hard problems. * Discusses the application of learning automata for behavior control in evolutionary computation in detail. * Gives the fundamental principles and analyses of the different concepts associated with multi-population methods for dynamic optimization problems.

Digital Libraries and Multimedia brings together in one place important contributions and up-to-date research results in this fast moving area. Digital Libraries and Multimedia serves as an excellent reference, providing insight into some of the most challenging research issues in the field.

Cluster analysis is used in data mining and is a common technique for statistical data analysis used in many fields of study, such as the medical & life sciences, behavioral & social sciences, engineering, and in computer science. Designed for training industry professionals or for a course on clustering and classification, it can also be used as a companion text for applied statistics. No previous experience in clustering or data mining is assumed. Informal algorithms for clustering data and interpreting results are emphasized. In order to evaluate the results of clustering and to explore data, graphical methods and data structures are used for representing data. Throughout the text, examples and references are provided, in order to enable the material to be comprehensible for a diverse audience. A companion disc includes numerous appendices with programs, data, charts, solutions, etc. eBook Customers: Companion files are available for downloading with order number/proof of purchase by writing to the publisher at [email protected]. Features: Places emphasis on illustrating the underlying logic in making decisions during the cluster analysis Discusses the related applications of statistic, e.g., Ward's method (ANOVA), JAN (regression analysis & correlational analysis), cluster validation (hypothesis testing, goodness-of-fit, Monte Carlo simulation, etc.) Contains separate chapters on JAN and the clustering of categorical data Includes a companion disc with solutions to exercises, programs, data sets, charts, etc.

This book features selected papers presented at the 3rd International Conference on Recent Innovations in Computing (ICRIC 2020), held on 20-21 March 2020 at the Central University of Jammu, India, and organized by the university's Department of Computer Science & Information Technology. It includes the latest research in the areas of software engineering, cloud computing, computer networks and Internet technologies, artificial intelligence, information security, database and distributed computing, and digital India.

This book projects a futuristic scenario that is more existent than they have been at any time earlier. To be conscious of the bursting prospective of IoT, it has to be amalgamated with AI technologies. Predictive and advanced analysis can be made based on the data collected, discovered and analyzed. To achieve all these compatibility, complexity, legal and ethical issues arise due to automation of connected components and gadgets of widespread companies across the globe. While these are a few examples of issues, the authors' intention in editing this book is to offer concepts of integrating AI with IoT in a precise and clear manner to the research community. In editing this book, the authors' attempt is to provide novel advances and applications to address the challenge of continually discovering patterns for IoT by covering various aspects of implementing AI techniques to make IoT solutions smarter. The only way to remain pace with this data generated by the IoT and acquire the concealed acquaintance it encloses is to employ AI as the eventual catalyst for IoT. IoT together with AI is more than an inclination or existence; it will develop into a paradigm. It helps those researchers who have an interest in this field to keep insight into different concepts and their importance for applications in real life. This has been done to make the edited book more flexible and to stimulate further interest in topics. All these motivated the authors toward integrating AI in achieving smarter IoT. The authors believe that their effort can make this collection interesting and highly attract the student pursuing pre-research, research and even master in multidisciplinary domain.