In the age of technological advancement, including the emergence of artificial intelligence, big data, and the internet of things, the need for privacy and protection has risen massively. This phenomenon has led to the enforcement of two major legal directives in the European Union (EU) that aim to provide vigorous protection of personal data. There is a need for research on the repercussions and developments that have materialized with these recent regulations and how the rest of the world has been affected. Personal Data Protection and Legal Developments in the European Union is an essential reference source that critically discusses different aspects of the GDPR and the Law Enforcement Directive as well as recent jurisprudential developments concerning data privacy in the EU and its member states. It also addresses relevant recent case law of the Court of Justice of the EU, the European Court of Human Rights, and national courts. Featuring research on topics such as public transparency, medical research data, and automated decision making, this book is ideally designed for law practitioners, data scientists, policymakers, IT professionals, politicians, researchers, analysts, academicians, and students working in the areas of privacy, data protection, big data, information technology, and human rights law.

Muslim Personal Law in South Africa: Evolution and Future Status, the first South African book on the topic of Muslim personal law, introduces readers to the debate on the awarding of unique rights to specific communities. The recognition of Muslim personal law or Muslim family law has provoked debate within and beyond the Muslim community and has attracted the attention of religious scholars, academics and lawyers. The contributors to this volume touch on constitutional issues, concerns with the application of Muslim personal law by our courts, and the conflict between supporters and opponents of the draft Bill on Muslim Marriages. The non-recognition of Muslim marriages has compelled Muslim women who have suffered the dire consequences of divorce, maintenance and custody to approach the courts for relief. If Muslim personal law were to be recognised by the state, to what extent would it protect the rights of women? Will recent judgments establish precedents that might prove to be at odds with the draft Bill? This book provides fascinating insight into the evolution and prospects of Muslim personal law in South Africa.

Security sector reform (SSR) is central to the democratic transitions currently unfolding across the globe, as a diverse range of countries grapple with how to transform militias, tribal forces, and dominant military, police, and intelligence agencies into democratically controlled and accountable security services. SSR will be a key element in shifts from authoritarian to democratic rule for the foreseeable future, since abuse of the security sector is a central technique of autocratic government. This edited collection advances solutions through a selection of case studies from around the world that cover a wide range of contexts.

The English version of the introduction to the historic fatwa on terrorism and suicide bombings. This 88-page includes answers to various questions which radicals ask about suicide bombing and jihad, hijacking of foreign diplomats and explains why it is not jihad. The fatwa on terrorism highlights and discusses various issues including suicide bombing, terrorism, jihad, dar ul islam, dar ul harb.

Today more than one hundred small, asymmetric, and revolutionary wars are being waged around the world. This book provides invaluable tools for fighting such wars by taking enemy perspectives into consideration. The third volume of a trilogy by Max G. Manwaring, it continues the arguments the author presented in "Insurgency, Terrorism, and Crime" and "Gangs, Pseudo-Militaries, and Other Modern Mercenaries." Using case studies, Manwaring outlines vital survival lessons for leaders and organizations concerned with national security in our contemporary world.
The insurgencies Manwaring describes span the globe. Beginning with conflicts in Algeria in the 1950s and 1960s and El Salvador in the 1980s, he goes on to cover the Shining Path and its resurgence in Peru, Al Qaeda in Spain, popular militias in Cuba, Haiti, and Brazil, the Russian youth group Nashi, and drugs and politics in Guatemala, as well as cyber warfare.
Large, wealthy, well-armed nations such as the United States have learned from experience that these small wars and insurgencies do not resemble traditional wars fought between geographically distinct nation-state adversaries by easily identified military forces. Twenty-first-century irregular conflicts blur traditional distinctions among crime, terrorism, subversion, insurgency, militia, mercenary and gang activity, and warfare.
Manwaring's multidimensional paradigm offers military and civilian leaders a much needed blueprint for achieving strategic victories and ensuring global security now and in the future. It combines military and police efforts with politics, diplomacy, economics, psychology, and ethics. The challenge he presents to civilian and military leaders is to take probable enemy perspectives into consideration, and turn resultant conceptions into strategic victories.

As business becomes more globalized and developed within the era of the internet, marketing activities are affected by evolving technologies. Challenges arise in addressing the issues of cross-policy and cross-border business in the digital age. Internet Taxation and E-Retailing Law in the Global Context provides emerging research on the methods and approaches to determining the appropriate tax policies for e-retailers within the global framework. While highlighting topics such as cross-border taxation, digital economy, and online management, this publication explores the developing avenues of online financial analysis and taxation. This book is an important resource for business leaders, financial managers, investors, consumers, researchers, and professionals seeking current research on the different issues surrounding online business and e-commerce from an international standpoint.

Interpreting nuclear regulations for nuclear power plants is a difficult and complex task. There is no single book that describes a proper method for this purpose, until now. This book describes a complete process for regulatory interpretation and demonstrates its application. This book is not meant as a practice guide for lawyers. This book is intended for individuals with technical backgrounds who want to learn a structured means of interpreting nuclear laws and regulations following principles generally consistent with those that would be employed by lawyers and judges.