This book provides an extensive review of research into Campylobacter, Helicobacter and Arcobacter species found in poultry. It includes the epidemiology, diagnosis, immune response and disease control of these organisms in commercial poultry production. Antimicrobial resistance, and the incidence and human disease potential of these bacteria is also discussed. A global perspective is presented by experts from four continents - South America, North America, Europe and Africa. This reference work will be of value to the poultry industry, research laboratories, public health workers and students. An extensive overview of the relevant literature is provided by the reference lists at the end of each chapter.

If a pet has a flea problem, you're probably trying to solve it. Unfortunately, flea infestations are very difficult to eliminate! Thankfully, we now know more about the biology and treatment of fleas than ever before, which has led to safe, effective, and affordable treatments, both on pets and in the home environment. This book provides an easy introduction to fleas for pet owners and the veterinary professionals advising them, to help effectively prevent, control and treat infestations. Detailing the most effective treatment and prevention options, the book: Provides accessible and easy to understand information as commonly asked questions and answers. Describes the changes in animal and human health when flea infestations occur. Includes practical advice pitched at a level for both owners and veterinary nurses. Top 100 Question and Answers About Fleas covers all the important facts you need to know about fleas in an easy question and answer format. Informative and interesting, it is an invaluable aid in your quest to provide the best quality of life to beloved pets.

This volume reviews the current understanding of the taxonomy, disease syndromes, genetics, biology, and pathogenic factors of Histophilus somni, as well as the host immune response to this pathogen. H. somni is one of the most important bacterial pathogens in cattle and other ruminants, and its virulence factors are highly conserved with Haemophilus influenzae and other members of the Pasteurellaceae. H. somni has been recognized as a major cause of thrombotic meningoencephalitis, respiratory disease syndromes, myocarditis, reproductive disease syndromes, polyarthritis, mastitis, ocular disease, and septicemia. The only known habitats of H. somni are the mucosal surfaces of ruminants, making this bacterium an opportunistic pathogen. Although it is capable of causing inflammation at systemic sites and is toxic to epithelial and phagocytic cells, the bacterium's wide array of virulence factors act primarily as a defense against, or to escape recognition from, host innate and adaptive immunity.

This book is a comprehensive overview of the fungi that are clinically relevant for animals and humans. It is divided in three major parts: the first part comprises the history of veterinary and medical mycology, general aspects of morphology, growth, nutrition, reproduction and classification of fungi. In the second part, the etiologic agents of cutaneous, subcutaneous and systemic mycoses are described in detail with special emphasis on emerging and uncommon pathogenic fungi. Each chapter consists of a brief history and the morphology, classification, reproduction, susceptibility to disinfectants, natural habitat, distribution, genome, isolation, growth and colony characteristics, antigenic characteristics, virulence factors. The major diseases and their routes of transmission, pathogenesis, immunity, diagnosis and treatment are also covered. The third part focuses on laboratory diagnosis including clinical sample collection, their processing for fungal isolation, special stains for microscopic visualization, culture media composition and a relevant glossary. Each chapter includes color photographs, schematic diagrams and tables for better understanding.

This book offers a timely and comprehensive review of essential research on Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus (PPRV), ranging from its historical distribution, molecular epidemiology, genome structure, viral proteins, immunity, viral pathogenesis, clinical and molecular diagnosis to advances in vaccine developments and future challenges. PPRV, a Rinderpest-like virus, is the causative agent of one of the most rapidly emerging viral diseases among domestic small ruminants, and the host spectrum has now been expanded to wild small ruminants and camels. With the global eradication of the first livestock disease, Rinderpest, attention is now turning to repeating the procedure for PPR. Each of the book's 13 chapters is dedicated to a specific topic, providing up-to-date literature and discussions by renowned scientists who have made seminal contributions in their respective fields of expertise. Special emphasis has been placed on the analysis of different global efforts to eradicate PPR. This book offers a valuable reference source for virologists, field veterinarians, infection and molecular biologists, immunologists, scientists in related fields and veterinary school libraries.

Parasites are a major issue affecting animal and human health, welfare, and economic productivity. This book provides 555 questions to test your knowledge of animal and tropical parasitology, to help you study anywhere, with any amount of time. Key features: Covers the most important and the most neglected parasites in a concise manner. Questions address parasite biology, epidemiology, diagnostics and management, all in relation to animal health. Includes key zoonotic parasites and their impact on human health. Uses multiple choice questions, true or false statements, fill-in-the-blanks, and more, to enable independent learning and self-testing. Provides explanatory answers to aid further revision and study. A self-test resource for veterinary and animal science students that is also of interest to medical students interested in parasitology or zoonoses, this book provides a convenient, useful, and current source of information to anyone interested in learning, revising and assessing their knowledge in parasitology.

Modern methods and approaches, such as the analysis of molecular sequences to infer evolutionary relationships among organisms, have provided vast new sets of data to further our understanding ofliving organisms, but there remain enigmas in the biological world that will keep scientists working and thinking for decades. Microorganisms by virtue of their small size and almost unbounded diversity provide ample examples of intriguing mysteries that are being challenged with all of the techniques the modern scientific arsenal can provide. One whole arena of this battle to resolve puzzling mysteries about various microorganisms is the almost unbelievable ability of many micro-organisms to live in extreme environments. Whether the challenge is extreme heat, cold, pressure, hyper salinity, alkalinity or acidity, some micro-organisms live now where no life might seem possible. This fascinating state of affairs is the context for this present volume edited by Joseph Seckbach. This Volume is a compilation of many of the especially interesting questions and biological challenges that arise in the consideration of microorganisms in general and the extremophiles in particular."

This volume covers the fields of origin, evolution and phylogenesis from prokaryotic to eukaryotic cells. The eminent authors, experts in their fields, review the three kingdoms of life (Archea, Eubacteria and Eukarya) from molecular evolutionary levels to ecological aspects in enigmatic habitats, including general reviews of puzzling pro-and eukaryotic organisms and their domains. We discuss dry habitats, thermophilic (cells in hot springs and undersea thermal vents up to 110AC), psychrophilic (cryophiles) and halophilic (high salt concentrations) niches which among the harshest conditions found on Earth where microbial life is frequently detected. Some chapters deal with the organisms which grow in extreme pH conditions (acidity vs. alkalinity), and under hydrostatic pressure in the deep sea, and microbial growth on petroleum. Other contributors present their research on aerobiology and microbes growing in various gases and various levels of radiation, including cellular morphological modification in these extremophilic microbes. This volume also includes the symbiotic association between two or more organisms on the endocellular and exocellular levels. Finally one paper identifies the extremophiles as candidates for exobiology. This is a valuable comprehensive volume in English that covers most of the extremophiles in a new light with current research data. Audience: Students, lecturers and researchers; scholars in the fields of biology, evolutionary biology and chemistry, and other evolutionary fields, and the intelligent layman.

G. Petursson and Rikke Hoff-J0rgensen The concept of slow viral infections was first put forward in 1954 by Dr. Bjorn Sigurdsson, an Icelandic physician who had been studying some sheep diseases which were introduced into Iceland with the importation of a foreign breed of sheep in 1933. Sigurdsson's main criteria for defining slow infec tions were a very long initial period without clinical signs lasting months or even years following infection and a rather regular protracted, progres sive course, once clinical symptoms had appeared, usually ending in serious disease or death. Sigurdsson included in this list of slow infections maedi -visna, infectious adenomatosis of sheep, scrapie in sheep, Bittner's mam mary carcinoma and Gross' leukemia in mice. All of these diseases, except scrapie, are caused by retroviruses. The characteristics of slow infections as described above are of prac tical importance for epidemiology, diagnosis and control of these diseases. For many years the slow infections remained primarily a veterinary problem, mainly affecting sheep and goats in certain countries. In recent years, how ever, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causing acquired immunodefici ency syndrome (AIDS), has suddenly appeared in many countries of the world and brought the slow infection concept forcefully to the attention of the medical profession. The disease problems and the economic effects of slow infections of sheep and goats are increasingly recognized in various coun tries. For the reasons stated above we feel that this book should be useful for veterinarians and physicians alike."

' he present volune Herpesvirus Diseases of cattle, Horses and pigs in the series "Developnents in Veterinal: y Virology" gives a review on herpesvirus infections in (a) cattle by bovine herpesvirus I (lEV-I), lEV-2 and lEV-4, alcelaphine herpesvirus I (malignant catanbal. fever) and Aujeszky"s disease virus, (b) horses by equine herpesvirus I (EHV-1), EHV-2 and EHV-3 and (c) pigs by Aujeszky's disease virus and porcine cytomegalovirus. Some of these viruses also infect small ruminants, therefore sheep and goats are included in this review as far as they are concemed. The different chapters include the latest knowledge on the viruses and the resulting diseases. Bearing in m: irrl the rapid development of oolecular biology and genetechnology in the last years a comprehensive survey on the oolecular aspects of the viruses and genetically engineered vaccines is presented, as far as data have been available. However, the other fields have not been neglected. large space is given to the description of clinical synptams, pathology, pathogenesis, latent infection, physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the viruses, hmnoral and cell-mediated imnunity, vaccines and vaccination, epizootiology, control, eradication, economics considerations and future aspects.

Rabies is an ancient disease and a fearsome one. Although it may not have the economic or public health importance of some other infectious diseases, few are so well known or carry the same emotional impact. Mainly transmitted by the bite of an enraged animal, and with practically no hope for recovery among those afflicted, it has provided the substance of stories and legends throughout the ages. The pioneering work of many 19th century workers, culminating in the development of the first rabies vaccines by Louis Pasteur, provided the ground work for the modern era in the study of rabies. Since then, and particularly in the last quarter century, considerable advances have been made in our knowledge of the nature of the infectious agent, its mode of transmission and pathogenetic mechanisms. Yet even today, much remains to be learned about the disease. For example, although effective vaccines exist for humans and other animals, there is still no known practical cure once the neurological disease symptoms develop. Markers of virulence have been mapped at the molecular level, but it is yet unclear as to how rabies virus actually exerts its pathological effects.

Most of the chapters of this book were written during 1987 which was the Diamond Jubilee year of the publication of the first reports of Newcastle disease in 1927. During the intervening years the nature of the Poultry Industry throughout the World has changed, or is in the process of changing, dramatically from one based on small village or farm flocks, frequently kept as a sideline, to an industry based on large flocks, sometimes consisting of hundreds of thousands of birds, run by multinational companies. To all these flocks, both large and small, Newcastle disease poses a considerable threat to their well-being and profitability and it is not unreasonable to state that hardly a single commercial flock of poultry is raised in the world without Newcastle disease having some effect due to actual disease, prophylactic vaccination or restrictions placed on rearing, movement, processing, sale or export of birds and products. In addition, recent years have produced developments in virology and associated biological technology which would have been unbelievable when Newcastle disease virus was first isolated. The economic importance of Newcastle disease virus and its use as a laboratory model has meant that major advances have been quickly applied to the field situation whenever possible and, as a result, a much fuller understanding, not only of the biochemistry and basic virology of the virus but also the ecology, epizootiology, antigenicity, immunology and other important aspects in the control of the disease has been achieved.

The influence of basic science, particularly molecular biology, in human and veterinary medicine revolutionized thinking in many aspects and changed fundamentally and creatively the classical strategy for research and prevention of infectious diseases. Genetic engineering and related disciplines have progressed to a remarkable degree over the last decade and now form the keystone supporting medicine. These are strong and efficient instruments for health and disease oriented research and their application gives the opportunity to receive more answers and not only more questions. The prime objective of this book is to create new knowledge within the medical disciplines and inspire colleagues working in this field with the unity and unambiguous importance of this science and its technologies for identifying, clarifying and planning new strategies for curing and preventing disease. This book contains original studies on the molecular biology of animal viruses. Some of the viruses discussed in this book are also hazardous to man. In this light it can be considered as a contribution to modern education on the human infectious diseases. From this point of view the book contains a chapter on Hantaan virus that causes no detectable disease in animals but hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome has been attributed to infection of humans by this virus.

The intention of the series Developments in Veterinary Virology is to provide monographs dealing with the major animal viral diseases. Each volume will include the latest achievements in fundamental research and practical applications and should be readable for people from various disciplines and different backgrounds. The multi-author approach provides the best opportunity to keep each chapter at the highest level and makes the composition of the volumes manageable to the editors. This monograph on Avian Leukosis presents comprehensive reviews on the recent history of avian retrovirus research, on epizootiological, virological, pathological aspects, on tumor induction, the immune response to avian retro viruses, virus-cell interactions and on techniques for diagnosis. The volume deals mainly with exogenous avian leukosis virus (ALV) infections, but one chapter is entirely devoted to endogenous avian leukemia virus. Molecular biology aspects are confined to various oncogenes and to lymphoma induction since retroviruses, including those specific for avian species, have recently been described in detail in the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory series "Molecular Biology of Tumor Viruses." Two chapters are devoted to the practical application of insights obtained from avian leukosis research: influences of AL V infection on production performance and eradication procedures."

This clinically oriented new volume in the Self-Assessment Colour Review series brings together a wide variety of cases and clinical situations which relate to diseases caused by parasitic agents primarily in small animals and domestic livestock. It also includes some cases involving some wild and exotic animals. The cases are presented randomly, and illustrated in full color. Each case scenario includes key questions regarding diagnosis, treatment and control of the infection. Detailed explanatory answers are given on the following page. The book offers an excellent resource for continuing professional development. It is of value to veterinary practitioners, animal health advisors, industry technical representatives, livestock producers and veterinary students.

The idea that socialism could be established in a single country was adopted as an official doctrine by the Soviet Union in 1925, Stalin and Bukharin being the main formulators of the policy. Before this there had been much debate as to whether the only way to secure socialism would be as a result of socialist revolution on a much broader scale, across all Europe or wider still. This book traces the development of ideas about communist utopia from Plato onwards, paying particular attention to debates about universalist ideology versus the possibility for "socialism in one country". The book argues that although the prevailing view is that "socialism in one country" was a sharp break from a long tradition that tended to view socialism as only possible if universal, in fact the territorially confined socialist project had long roots, including in the writings of Marx and Engels.

This detailed book explores new molecular biological techniques for the detection of both antigens and antibodies of porcine diseases. Assays examined within this collection include improved methods of nucleic acid extraction, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), polymerase spiral reaction (PSR), cross-priming amplification (CPA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), as well as peptide nucleic acid (PNA) based tools, aptamer-based tools, and lateral flow assays and different immune assay-based diagnostics for porcine diseases. As part of the Springer Protocols Handbooks series, the present book contains the type of in-depth knowledge on important diagnostics tools that provide a vital source of information for scientists, researchers, and students from different fields. Authoritative and practical, Protocols for the Diagnosis of Pig Viral Diseases aims to guide researchers toward developing new technologies for the diagnosis of pig pathogens.

This book discusses the prominence and implication of the viral diseases that are a major threat to animals around the globe. A number of these diseases have also shown links with human populations, which has implications for public health. This book offers detailed and up-to-date information on viral diseases in livestock and poultry that were and/or are still a problem. Including cutting-edge developments, it also highlights several landmark contributions in the field of virology from India. Additionally, the book features tables and figures showing important clinical data and recommendations, with references for further information. It also explores the economic impact of viral diseases for farmers and the livestock industry, providing several examples. Further, it presents the latest information on viral diseases in global context, with a focus on state-of-art, molecular tools for the development of diagnostics, prophylactics and therapeutics. Lastly, the book also describes the challenges posed by the emerging and transboundary viral infections and our preparedness to counter them.

The Mononegavirales is an order of viruses affecting large, small and marine animals and is responsible for diseases including Rinderpest, Rabies and Ebola. This book discusses the epidemiology and control of Mononegaviruses that pose a significant threat to animals in terms of severity and epidemiological risk. The book also addresses viruses with zoonotic potential, and many that can be used as models in the study of infectious disease. With its comprehensive coverage, each chapter is dedicated to a different disease and has been authored by renowned scientists who have made seminal contributions to the field. This prestige reference work is arranged over two volumes: volume 1 pathobiology and molecular diagnosis, and volume 2 molecular epidemiology and control. This broad ranging text covers mononegaviral diseases of livestock, horses, dogs and cats as well as rodents, primates, fish and marine mammals, and will be a valuable reference source for virologists, field veterinarians, infection and molecular biologists as well as immunologists and animal scientists.

This book serves as a comprehensive yet concise reference guide reviewing the latest knowledge on bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic infectious diseases of old world dromedary camels. Pathogen etiology, clinical manifestations and diagnostic techniques are provided for each pathogen and disease prevention and treatment strategies are discussed. Despite a steady increase in camel husbandry worldwide, the pathologies of camel diseases are still relatively under investigated in comparison to other livestock and companion animals. With an ongoing worldwide prevalence increase, infectious diseases are a constant threat to animal and human health. In recent years dromedary camels have become a focus of increasing public health interest since they have been considered the direct source of zoonotic transmission of MERS-CoV to humans. Along these lines, the book covers topics related to zoonotic infections associated with camels. This book offers a valuable source of information for veterinary clinicians, researchers, graduate students, veterinary technicians and interested laymen.

This highly accessible textbook introduces readers to the development of viral vectors and discusses their application in veterinary vaccinology. It offers comprehensive information on the latest advances in this emerging research field, together with a broad overview of the history of veterinary vaccines and viral vectors. The book also addresses issues concerning funding, translational research and ethics that will impact the future development, manufacture and global use of viral vector-based veterinary vaccines. The book addresses the needs of graduate students and researchers in the fields of Veterinary Medicine, Virology and Immunology.

This second edition includes a collection of antigen production and delivery strategies for vaccine development in veterinary species. New and updated chapters guide readers through protocols for antigen production, experimental antigen delivery and the analysis of immune responses upon vaccination. Written in the format of the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, each chapter includes an introduction to the topic, lists necessary materials and reagents, includes tips on troubleshooting and known pitfalls, and step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Vaccine Technologies for Veterinary Viral Diseases: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition aims to be a useful and practical guide to researches to help further their study in this field.

"Veterinary Parasitology Reference Manual, Fifth Edition "provides easy access to pertinent information on parasite life cycles, importance, location in host, zoonotic potential, current literature, diagnosis, and treatment. Chapters are organized by animal host species, including laboratory animals, humans, llamas, ratites, dogs, cats, ruminants, horses, pigs, and birds, as well as reptiles, wildlife, and marine animals, often missing from veterinary parasitology textbooks, but of practical interest to veterinarians.

The manual includes step-by-step instructions for the most common diagnostic procedures used in routine veterinary practice.

Features of the Fifth Edition include:
Updated and enhanced references
Information on new drugs
Improved parasites of marine mammals section
Sections on laboratory animal parasites and human parasites
Over 500 photographs and figures

Foreyt underscores the strong relationship between parasites and the overall health of animals and stresses that indiscriminate use of drugs is a poor substitute for good management and nutrition in controlling parasites. The text also offers insights into the evolving relationships between hosts and parasites.

Wildlife and zoo workers, veterinary practitioners, students, and technicians will find this to be a readable and accurate resource of information about parasites in a variety of animals--wild, domestic, common and exotic.

Domestic livestock in Africa are of importance not only as a source of milk and meat but also as a source of animal traction enabling farmers to cultivate larger areas, with crops providing the staple foods. Trypanosomosis, a parasitic disease transmitted cyclically by the tsetse fly (Glossina spp.), is arguably still the main constraint to livestock production on the continent, preventing full use of the land to feed the rapidly increasing human population. Sleeping sickness, the disease caused in humans by species of Trypanosoma, is an important and neglected disease posing a threat to millions of people in tsetse-infested areas. Often wrongly thought of as a disease of the past, the prevalence of human sleeping sickness is increasing in many areas.Although alternative methods to control the disease are being investigated, such as immunological approaches, use of chemotherapy or exploitation of the trypanotolerance trait, it is only control or eradication of the tsetse fly vector which will remove the threat of the disease rather than providing a better means of "living" with it. As a result of the economic impact of tsetse-transmitted Trypanosomosis, a large amount of research literature has been produced. This book provides a comprehensive review of this literature. The text is divided into four parts: tsetse biology and ecology, epidemiology, vector control and control of trypanosomosis. The book is invaluable for medical and veterinary entomologists, parasitologists and epidemiologists.

This volume is a republication in one volume of the 10-part "CIH Keys to the Nematode Parasites of Vertebrates," first published between 1974 and 1983. For many years the "Keys" have provided a working tool to those within the field and laboratory needing to know "what is this worm?"Now due to popular demand and to coincide with the long awaited publication of the supplement volume, the "Keys" will be presented as one volume, refreshed and reformatted with the additional convenience of reordering into superfamily. As an indispensable guide the "Keys" shall continue to be an essential resource to those working within medical, veterinary and biological departments worldwide for many more years to come.