The development of modern Europe, through such events as the
Reformation and Counter-Reformation, the Enlightenment, the French
Revolution, and the rise of industrial capitalism, is often seen in
terms of the triumph of individualism. Yet the precise stages in
the evolution of the European individual remain one of the most
elusive aspects of the region's history. In this broad and
thought-provoking investigation, Aaron Gurevich, one of Russia's
leading historians, examines the growth of individual consciousness
through European history, and assesses its impact on key social and
political events.Traditional interpretations locate the rise of the
self-aware, autonomous European citizen in the Italian Renaissance
of the late fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. However, as Aaron
Gurevich argues, the origins of the movements can, in fact, be
traced to the early Middle Ages. Drawing from a wide range of
cultural sources, from Scandinavian sagas to the poetry of Dante
and Petrarch, and from sermons and religious painting to the
autobiographical works of writers such as Pierre Abelard and
Bernard of Clairvaux, the author charts the transition from earlier
forms of community life, characterized by local, kinship groups and
collective identity, towards a changed, universal society dominated
by the cognitive, motivational individual. Throughout the book
intellectual and cultural trends are linked to economic realities,
where social mobility, labor markets and developing economies are
explained and understood in their broadest context.This is a bold
and thought-provoking volume which will be welcomed by all those
interested in Europe's intellectual and cultural inheritance.
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