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Development of a Protocol for Risk Assessment of Microorganisms in Separate Stormwater Systems (Paperback, New)
Loot Price: R3,447
Discovery Miles 34 470
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Development of a Protocol for Risk Assessment of Microorganisms in Separate Stormwater Systems (Paperback, New)
Series: WERF Research Report Series
Expected to ship within 12 - 17 working days
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Total price: R3,467
Discovery Miles: 34 670
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Recent research has shown that the concentrations of microbial
indicator organisms (e.g., fecal coliforms) in stormwater may be
quite high. However, studies have not clearly established
relationships between the concentrations of indicator organisms and
microbial pathogens in stormwater, or between stormwater indicator
organism concentrations and illness. Thus, it is difficult to
interpret indicator data collected by local public agencies in the
context of potential risk to human health. The primary objective of
this investigation was to generate guidance to enable more accurate
and defensible evaluations of stormwater microorganism data and the
associated risks to human health from exposure to microbial
pathogens in stormwater. The investigation consisted of three major
tasks: reviewing and summarizing relevant published literature,
conducting a web-based data questionnaire and developing a
science-directed data collection plan. Topics discussed include: 1)
waterborne pathogens that pose the greatest risk to human health,
2) concentrations of pathogens and indicator organisms observed in
stormwater, 3) defensible relations between indicator organisms and
pathogens of public health concern in stormwater, 4) the
environmental fate of pathogens and indicator organisms in
stormwater, 5) the use of microbial source tracking (MST)
techniques to identify sources of fecal contamination, and 6) the
effectiveness of stormwater microorganism control technologies and
associated costs. Additionally, recommended next steps needed to
enable defensible evaluations of stormwater microorganism data and
the associated risk to human health from exposure to stormwater are
presented. Next steps include the development of interim guidance
for management prioritization, pathogens enumeration method
development, and pilot and nation-wide data collection programs.
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