The formation, control, and health effects of DBPs in drinking
water are issues of international concern because of the health
effects (e.g., bladder cancer and potential adverse
reproductive-development impacts) associated with exposure to
certain DBPs. As a result, many countries, as well as the World
Health Organization, have regulations and/or guidelines on
acceptable concentrations of DBPs in water. In recent years, DBP
research worldwide has focused on determining the possible adverse
health effects of emerging, yet unregulated, DBPs, specifically
halogenated (e.g., iodinated) and non-halogenated nitrogenous
(e.g., nitrosamines) DBPs. The breadth of DBP research is very
broad from source waters (e.g., wastewater, wildfire, seawater
intrusion influences) to treatment strategies and technologies,
followed by distribution system and point of entry issues (e.g.,
biofilms, heating, swimming pools), as well as health effects and
analytical method developments. Recent research is helping to
understand factors controlling formation and to develop a
cost-effective control of a wide range of regulated and emerging
DBPs. Furthermore, the pace of research on emerging DBP toxicity
has increased and generated diverse findings, with comparative
toxicity and the molecular mechanisms leading to improved
understanding of their toxicity pathways and potential adverse
biological effects. This book represents the latest research
efforts to understanding these important DBP-related issues. The
authors of the chapters in this book are a multidisciplinary group
of scientists and engineers, who are conducting studies in many
parts of the world. The chapters in this book address both
regulated and emerging DBPs and are organized under the sections on
DBP toxicology and health effects, modeling of DBP formation,
precursors and reactions involving nitrosamines, and formation of
halogenated DBPs. This book will be of interest to researchers,
drinking water utility scientists and engineers, toxicologists,
epidemiologists, and regulators interested in the formation and
control of and exposure to DBPs.
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