Specters of Revolution chronicles the subaltern political history
of peasant guerrilla movements that emerged in the southwestern
Mexican state of Guerrero during the late 1960s. The National
Revolutionary Civic Association (ACNR) and the Party of the Poor
(PDLP), led by schoolteachers Genaro Vazquez and Lucio Cabanas,
respectively, organized popularly-backed revolutionary armed
struggles that sought the overthrow of the ruling Institutional
Revolutionary Party (PRI). Both guerrilla organizations
materialized from a decades-long history of massacres and everyday
forms of terror committed by local-regional political bosses and
the Mexican federal government against citizen social movements
that demanded the redemption of constitutional rights. The book
reveals that these revolutionary movements developed after years of
exhausting legal, constitutional pathways of redress (focused on
issues of economic justice and electoral rights) and surviving
several state-directed massacres throughout the 1960s. As such, the
peasant guerrillas represented only the final phase of a social
process with roots in the unfulfilled promises of the 1910 Mexican
Revolution and the dual capitalist modernization-political
authoritarian program adopted by the PRI after 1940. The history of
the ACNR and PDLP guerrillas, and the brutal counterinsurgency
waged against them by the PRI regime, challenges Mexico's place
within the historiography of post-1945 Latin America. At the local
and regional levels parts of Mexico like Guerrero experienced
instances of authoritarian rule, popular political radicalization,
and brutal counterinsurgency that fully inserts the nation into a
Cold War Latin American history of state terror and "dirty wars."
This study simultaneously exposes the violent underbelly that
underscored the PRI's ruling tenure after 1940 and explodes the
myth that Mexico constituted an island of relative peace and
stability surrounded by a sea of military dictatorships during the
Cold War.
General
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