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Our Moral Fate - Evolution and the Escape from Tribalism (Hardcover)
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Our Moral Fate - Evolution and the Escape from Tribalism (Hardcover)
Series: The MIT Press
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A provocative and probing argument showing how human beings can for
the first time in history take charge of their moral fate. Is
tribalism-the political and cultural divisions between Us and
Them-an inherent part of our basic moral psychology? Many
scientists link tribalism and morality, arguing that the evolved
"moral mind" is tribalistic. Any escape from tribalism, according
to this thinking, would be partial and fragile, because it goes
against the grain of our nature. In this book, Allen Buchanan
offers a counterargument: the moral mind is highly flexible,
capable of both tribalism and deeply inclusive moralities,
depending on the social environment in which the moral mind
operates. We can't be morally tribalistic by nature, Buchanan
explains, because quite recently there has been a remarkable shift
away from tribalism and toward inclusiveness, as growing numbers of
people acknowledge that all human beings have equal moral status,
and that at least some nonhumans also have moral standing. These
are what Buchanan terms the Two Great Expansions of moral regard.
And yet, he argues, moral progress is not inevitable but depends
partly on whether we have the good fortune to develop as moral
agents in a society that provides the right conditions for
realizing our moral potential. But morality need not depend on
luck. We can take charge of our moral fate by deliberately shaping
our social environment-by engaging in scientifically informed
"moral institutional design." For the first time in human history,
human beings can determine what sort of morality is predominant in
their societies and what kinds of moral agents they are.
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