For years environmentalists thought natural resources could be best
protected by national legislation. But due to the poor outcomes
resulting from this top-down policy, professionals today look to
local communities to take real strides in conservation efforts.
According to a recent survey, more than fifty countries report that
they pursue partnerships with local communities in an effort to
protect their forests. Despite the recent popularity of this local
initiative approach, the concept of community rarely receives the
attention it should get from those concerned with resource
management. The few studies that are available tend to idealize all
actions at the local level. This balanced volume redresses the
situation, demonstrating both the promise and the potential dangers
of community action.
Although the contributors advocate community-based conservation,
they examine the record with a critical eye. They pay attention to
the concrete political contexts in which communities emerge and
operate. Understanding the nature of community reQuires
understanding the internal politics of local regions and their
relationship to external forces and actors. Especially critical are
issues related to ethnicity, gender, and the state.
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