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A History of the County of Essex - XII: St Osyth to the Naze: North-East Essex Coastal Parishes. Part 1: St Osyth, Great and Little Clacton, Frinton, Great Holland and Little Holland (Hardcover)
Loot Price: R2,809
Discovery Miles 28 090
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A History of the County of Essex - XII: St Osyth to the Naze: North-East Essex Coastal Parishes. Part 1: St Osyth, Great and Little Clacton, Frinton, Great Holland and Little Holland (Hardcover)
Series: Victoria County History
Expected to ship within 12 - 17 working days
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An important contribution to the social, cultural and economic
history of seaside resorts and their hinterland in Essex. The nine
Essex parishes lying in a coastal district between St Osyth and the
Naze headland at Walton encompass a number of distinct landscapes,
from sandy cliffs to saltmarshes, recognised as environmentally
significant. The landscape has constantly changed in response to
changing sea levels, flooding, draining and investment in sea
defences. Inland, there was an agriculturally fertile plateau based
on London Clay, but with large areas of Kesgrave sands and gravels,
loams and brickearths. Parts were once heavily wooded, especially
at St Osyth. The district was strongly influenced by the pattern of
estate ownership, largely held by St Paul's Cathedral from the
mid-10th century.About 1118-19 a bishop of London founded a house
of Augustinian canons at St Osyth, which became one of the
wealthiest abbeys in Essex. Most other manors and their demesnes in
the district were small and their demesne tenants were of little
more than local significance. After the Reformation all of the
former church lands in the district were granted to the royal
servant Thomas Darcy, 1st baron Darcy of Chiche (d. 1558). Darcy
built a great mansion, St Osyth Priory, on the site of the former
abbey, which became the centre of his new estate. The area's
economy was strongly affected by the coast and its many valuable
natural resources, including the extraction or manufacture ofsand,
gravel, septaria, copperas and salt, and activities such as
fishing, tide milling, wrecking and smuggling. However, it remained
a largely rural district and its wealth ultimately depended upon
the state of farming. Until the eighteenth century it specialised
in dairying from both sheep and cattle, but afterwards production
shifted towards grain. The coastal area has produced significant
evidence of early man and was heavily exploited and settled in
prehistory. The medieval settlement pattern largely conformed to a
typical Essex model, with a complex pattern of small villages,
hamlets and dispersed farms, many located around greens or commons.
The largest settlement wasthe nucleated village or small town at St
Osyth, located outside the abbey gates, which had a formal market
and wool fair in the Middle Ages.In the 19th and 20th centuries the
coast witnessed the development of seaside resorts atWalton,
Clacton and Frinton. Some overspill affected the surrounding more
rural parishes, and from the 1920s new types of resort developed in
the form of seaside camps, chalets and caravan parks.
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