Focusing on the relationship between capitalism, rationalization
and scarcity, this book offers a critical reinterpretation of Marx,
Weber, Lukacs and Gramsci. Pointing out the materialist elements in
Weber's conception of the impulse underlying religious
rationalization, this work argues that the emergence of capitalism
creates the possibility of an alternative society that would use
modern technology to drastically reduce the existence of undeserved
human suffering that religious theodicies have tried to interpret.
Thus, the emergence of capitalist society has inadvertently
initiated a new stage in the rationalization process. The challenge
is no longer to provide a coherent explanation of undeserved human
suffering, but to undertake the social change necessary to reduce
it. This challenge can be met by an alternative society that would
use modern technology to overcome scarcity and meet everybody's
needs. In this respect, capitalism creates a universal human
interest in its own overcoming. To understand the obstacles to the
recognition of this universal interest, this work draws from and
reinterprets the works of Lukacs and Gramsci.
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