Are victims good guys and criminals bad guys? Sometimes--but,
often, the public's stereotypes and perceptions of offenders,
victims, and groups are quite complex. In spite of widespread
concern about crime, there is great resistance on the part of the
public and its elected representatives to certain measures that
would seem to be sensible ways of ameliorating the problem. How can
this resistance be explained? At the same time, measures like
community service, shock probation, determinate sentencing, and
reality therapy are embraced by the public. Claster shows how these
contradictions are not mutually exclusive and explains the
importance of moral polarization in the way the public perceives
crime and victims. Claster begins by examining the various ways
crime is perceived moralistically. He then examines stereotypes
about the participants in a crime, which are illustrated by
references to popular fiction as well as scholarly analysis, to the
media, to public opinion surveys, and to statements of public
officials. After examining the criminal as bad guy and good guy he
reviews the positive as well as the negative stereotypes of
victims' groups (gangs, families, and immigrant and occupational
subcultures). Claster then examines psychological and sociological
explanations of the process underlying these stereotypes; he
provides cases to illustrate how pervasive the process, of what he
calls moral polarization, is; and he concludes by exploring the
practical implication of moral polarization. This work will be of
considerable interest to scholars in criminology as well as those
involved with criminal justice policy.
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