The conversation of Adam and Eve in Paradise Lost, that most
obvious of Milton's additions to the Biblical narrative, enacts the
pair's inquiry into and discovery of the gift of their rational
nature in a mode of discourse closely aligned to practices of
Socrates in the dialogues of Plato and eponymous discourses of
Xenophon. Adam and Eve both begin their life "much wondering where\
And what I was, whence thither brought and how." Their conjoint
discoveries of each other's and their own nature in this talk
Milton arranges for a in dialectical counterpoise to his persona's
expressed task "to justify the ways of God to men." Like Xenophon's
Socrates in the Memorabilia, Milton's persona indites those "ways
of God" in terms most agreeable to his audience of "men"--notions
Aristotle calls "generally accepted opinions." Thus for Milton's
"fit audience" Paradise Lost will present two ways--that address
congenial to men per se, and a fit discourse attuned to their very
own rational faculties--to understand "the ways of God to men." The
interrogation of each way by its counterpart among the distinct
audiences is the "great Argument" of the poem.
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