Which citizens have fought America's wars? Which ones should fight
in the future, and how should they be recruited? Should military or
other national service be an obligation for every citizen? David
Segal's probing look at the complex issues behind these questions
tells us much about the changing manpower needs of our armed forces
and about the evolution of civil-military relations in the United
States.
Segal analyzes the mobilization, contributions, and limitations
of drafted, reservist, and volunteer forces from the early days of
the republic to the present. In the process, he shows how Americans
have come to separate the benefits of citizenship from service to
their country. Symptomatic of this separation is the current
reliance on an all-volunteer military, a system that treats
military service more as an occupation and opportunity for
self-advancement than as a civic duty and obligation.
Drawing on a vast interdisciplinary literature in American
history, sociology, political science, and economics, Segal
illuminates the ways demographics, weapons technology,
international relations, scientific management, and social policies
have all affected the composition of America's armed forces. He
also shows how the military anticipated and expanded the American
welfare system and played a pivotal role in creating better
opportunities for minorities and women.
The capabilities and performance of U.S. armed forces in future
conflicts will depend on a thorough understanding of and informed
response to the crucial manpower issues Segal discusses. His
thoughtful study should be required reading for military
professionals and policymakers and will be of interest to anyone
concerned about the future of this country's armed forces.
General
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