Rene Descartes is best remembered today for writing 'I think,
therefore I am', but his main contribution to the history of ideas
was his effort to construct a philosophy that would be sympathetic
to the new sciences that emerged in the seventeenth century. To a
great extent he was the midwife to the Scientific Revolution and a
significant contributor to its key concepts. In four major
publications, he fashioned a philosophical system that accommodated
the needs of these new sciences and thereby earned the unrelenting
hostility of both Catholic and Calvinist theologians, who relied on
the scholastic philosophy that Descartes hoped to replace. His
contemporaries claimed that his proofs of God's existence in the
Meditations were so unsuccessful that he must have been a cryptic
atheist and that his discussion of skepticism served merely to fan
the flames of libertinism. This is the first biography in English
that addresses the full range of Descartes' interest in theology,
philosophy and the sciences and that traces his intellectual
development through his entire career.
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