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Arsenic Contamination in the Environment - The Issues and Solutions (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2017)
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Arsenic Contamination in the Environment - The Issues and Solutions (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2017)
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This book provides an overview to researchers, graduate, and
undergraduate students, as well as academicians who are interested
in arsenic. It covers human health risks and established cases of
human ailments and sheds light on prospective control measures,
both biological and physico-chemical. Arsenic (As) is a widely
distributed element in the environment having no known useful
physiological function in plants or animals. Historically, this
metalloid has been known to be used widely as a poison. Effects of
arsenic have come to light in the past few decades due to its
increasing contamination in several parts of world, with the worst
situation being in Bangladesh and West Bengal, India. The worrying
issue is the ingestion of arsenic through water and food and
associated health risks due to its carcinogenic and neurotoxic
nature. The impact of the problem is widespread, and it has led to
extensive research on finding both the causes and solutions. These
attempts have allowed us to understand the various probable causes
of arsenic contamination in the environment, and at the same time,
have provided a number of possible solutions. It is reported that
more than 200 mineral species contain As. Generally, As binds with
iron and sulfur to form arsenopyrite. According to one estimate
from the World Health Organization (WHO), contextual levels of As
in soil ranges from 1 to 40 mg kg-1. Arsenic toxicity is related to
its oxidation state which is present in the medium. As is a
protoplastic toxin, due to its consequence on sulphydryl group it
interferes in cell enzymes, cell respiration and in mitosis.
Exposure of As may occur to humans via several industries, such as
refining or smelting of metal ores, microelectronics, wood
preservation, battery manufacturing, and also to those who work in
power plants that burn arsenic-rich coal.
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