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The Structure and Confirmation of Evolutionary Theory (Hardcover)
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The Structure and Confirmation of Evolutionary Theory (Hardcover)
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Evolutionary theory has long been debated, not only on religious
grounds, but in terms of its usefulness as a scientific model. A
common objection is that the theory does not fit the
hypothetical-deductive standard used in the physical sciences and
is therefore not good science. In this study, Lloyd contends with
the scientific and philosophical critics of evolutionary theory.
Employing the same type of semantic analysis that has been applied
to physical theory, she offers an alternative view of evolutionary
theory that shows biological and physical theories to be
structurally similar. The author begins by reviewing recent debates
concerning the existence or non-existence of evolutionary laws and
the possibility of axiomizing evolutionary theory. The central
discussion of Lloyd's work revolves around several problems that
have not been resolved by other methods. These are, first, the
problem of which units or entities are selected in nature; second,
the problem of reductionism in genetics; and third, the problem of
confirmation. Developing a view of evolutionary theory based on
mathematical models, she uses this framework to describe a wide
variety of evolutionary subtheories. She tests her analysis by
comparing it with other approaches and applying it to problematic
cases. Finally, she presents a view of confirmation appropriate to
a model-oriented conception of theories. This original study
explores some significant connections between science and
philosophy and adds to our understanding of the nature of
scientific knowledge.
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