FRANCIS W. HOLM 30 Agua Sarca Road, Placitas, New Mexico 1.
Overview The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) sponsored an
Advanced Research in Prague, Czech Republic, on October 13-15,
1997, to collect and Workshop (ARW) study information on effluents
from alternative demilitarization technologies and to report on
these fmdings. The effluents, orprocess residues, identified for
assessment at the workshop are generated by systems that have been
proposed as alternatives to incineration technology for destruction
of munitions, chemical warfare agent, and associated materials and
debris. The alternative technologies analyzed are grouped into
three categories based on process bulk operating temperature: low
(0-200 C), medium (200-600 C), and high (600-3,500 C). Reaction
types considered include hydrolysis, biodegradation,
electrochemical oxidation, gas-phase high-temperature reduction,
steam reforming, gasification, sulfur reactions, solvated electron
chemistry, sodium reactions, supercritical water oxidation, wet air
oxidation, and plasma torch technology. These ofprocesses, some of
which have been studied categories represent a broad spectrum only
in the laboratory and some of which are in commercial use for
destruction of hazardous and toxic wastes. Some technologies have
been developed and used for specific commercial applications;
however, in all cases, research, development, test, and evaluation
(RDT&E) is necessary to assure that each technology application
is effective for destroying chemical warfare materiel. Table 1
contains a list of more than 40 technologies from a recent report
for the U.S. Army [1]. Many ofthe technologies in Table 1 are based
on similar principles.
General
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