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Books > History > World history > From 1900 > Postwar, from 1945
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The Tragedy of Bleiburg and Viktring, 1945 (Paperback)
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The Tragedy of Bleiburg and Viktring, 1945 (Paperback)
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The atrocities and mass murders committed by Josip Broz Tito's
Partisan units of the Yugoslav Army immediately after the Second
World War had no place in the conscience of Socialist Yugoslavia.
More than once, the annual Croatian commemoration of the Bleiburg
victims was subject to attacks carried out by the socialist
Yugoslav state. Abroad in the West, on Austrian soil, the Yugoslav
secret service (UDBA) did not shy away from murdering the
protagonist of the Croatian memory culture, Nicola Martinovic, as
late as 1975. The official history was aligned with a firm
interpretational paradigm that called for a glorification of the
anti-fascist "people's liberation resistance." With the breakup of
Yugoslavia and its socialist regime in 1991, the
identity-establishing accounts of contemporary witnesses, which had
mainly been cherished in exile circles abroad, increasingly reached
public awareness in Croatia and Slovenia. In the 1990s Croatia
witnessed the emergence of a memory that had been suppressed by the
socialist-Yugoslav regime-namely the Bleiburg tragedy. The
situation in Slovenia was similar in terms of identity and
remembrance culture. Among the Slovenes, the communist crimes
committed during the turmoil are known as the drama of Viktring or
the Viktring tragedy, named after the largest refugee camp of the
Slovenes. Reports on the communist postwar crimes and on the
countless discoveries of mass gravesites have also begun
circulating in the media of the German-speaking world in the last
few years. Florian Rulitz's meticulously researched book, now
available for the first time in English, provides a corrective to
the historical memory that had been previously accepted as truth.
Rulitz focuses on two essential questions. First, did the so-called
"final encirclement battles" indeed occur in Carinthia in the
Ferlach/Hollenburg/Viktring and Dravograd/Poljana/Bleiburg areas,
resulting in military victories for the Yugoslav Army? Second, were
the battles after the capitulation fought by the refugees with the
aim of reaching the British-controlled areas in Carinthia? To
answer these questions, Rulitz presents a detailed reconstruction
of those days in May 1945. He furthermore considers the question of
the murders on Austrian territory, which were hushed up in Partisan
literature and presented as casualties of the final military
operations. This groundbreaking study will interest scholars and
students of modern European history.
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