It is not uncommon to hear that poor school performance, welfare
dependancy, youth unemployment, and criminal activity result more
from shortcomings in the personal makeup of individuals than from
societal forces beyond their control. Are American values declining
as so many suggest? And are those values at the root of many social
problems today? Shaped by experience and public policies, people's
values and social norms do change. What role can or should a
democratic government play in shaping values? And how do these
values conditon the efficacy of public policy? In this book, six
distinguished social scientists identify trends in America's values
and their consequences, and consider public policy tools with which
some of those values might be changed. Daniel Yankelovich begins
with a discussion of how American values have shifted in the last
half-century, and argues that affluence is the driving force behind
these changes in values. James Q. Wilson argues that destructive
habits which can lead to social pathologies, like crime and drug
use, are set early in life; he examines how public policy might
intervene when children are young to promote better values. David
Popenoe maintains that America has veered too far towards
industrialist values, and explores the resulting decline of
families and many attendant social ills. Nathan Glazer describes
the history and present status of the dispute over multicultural
education. Jane Mansbridge examines the process of building
cooperation, consensus, and public spirit. And George Akerlof and
Janet L. Yellen discuss the problem of gang criminality. Inthe
past, social scientists have often sidestepped questions about
values as undefinable, unquantifiable, and somehow unscientific.
The essays in this volume address these questions at last. Henry J.
Aaron, director of the Economic Studies program at Brookings, is
the authorof numerous books, including most recently Serious and
Unstable Condition: Financing America's Health Care (1991), and
coeditor of Setting Domestic Priorities (1992). Thomas E. Mann is
director of the Brookings Governmental Studies program, coeditor of
Media Polls in American Politics (1992), and coauthor of the
Renewing Congress series (1993). Timothy Taylor is managing editor
of the Journal of Economic Perspectives at Stanford University.
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