This is the first book to provide assessments of multidecadal
changes in resources and environments of the Large Marine
Ecosystems (LMEs) of the North Atlantic. Using the case study
method, researchers examine the forces driving the changes and
actions underway aimed at turning the corner from declining trends
in biomass yields, toward recovery of depleted species populations
and improvements in ecosystem integrity.
Recently a distinguished group of 24 scientists argued eloquently
that a new "Sustainability Science" was emerging that was focused
on "meeting fundamental human needs while preserving the life
support systems of planet Earth." The contributions contained in
this volume are at the cutting edge of "Sustainability Science" and
the results presented by the contributors are pertinent to one of
the core questions: "How are long-term trends in environment and
development, including consumption and population, reshaping
nature-society interactions in ways relevant to sustainability?"
("Science" Vol. 292, 27 April 2001). The case studies demonstrate
the utility of an ecosystem-based approach to the assessment and
management of biomass yields and species sustainability.
Movements toward ecosystem-based management have emerged from the
case studies on the initiation of recoveries of several depleted
groundfish stocks of the US Northeast Shelf LME; the collapse of
the Newfoundland-Labrador Shelf cod; the assessment of physical and
biological changes on the Scotian Shelf, West Greenland Shelf,
Iceland Shelf LME, and the Faroe Plateau, the North Sea, and the
Barents Sea LMEs. Uncertainties, with regard to environmental and
human-generated forcing, are addressed in assessment of the states
of the Iberian Coastal and Biscay-Celtic LMEs, and in broad-scale
studies of the influences at the base of the food chain of climatic
variability on the productivity and biodiversity of plankton
communities of the North Atlantic. The volume concludes with an
insightful perspective on the approaches used and the results
reported by the eminent marine scientist and former President of
ICES, Professor Gotthilf Hempel.
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