In the chapters of his 'Physics' commented on here, Aristotle
disagrees with Pre-Socratic philosophers about the basic principles
that explain natural changes. But he finds some agreement among
them that at least two contrary properties must be involved, for
example hot and cold. His own view is that there are two contrary
principles at a more abstract level: the form possessed at the end
of a change and the privation of that form at the beginning. But
there is also a third principle needed to supply continuity - the
matter to which first privation and later form belong. Despite the
apparent disagreements, Simplicius, the Neoplatonist commentator,
wants to emphasise the harmony of all pagan Greek thinkers, as
opposed to Christians, on such a basic matter as first principles.
He therefore presents not only the Pre-Socratics and Aristotle, but
also himself and earlier commentators of different schools as all
in basic agreement.
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