In 1958 an academic paper on corporate finance written by two
professors (Merton Miller and Frances Modigliani, who were later
awarded the Nobel prize for their research efforts) was published
in The American Economic Review. One prime conclusion of their
paper was that the exact form of a firm's capital structure did not
affect the firm's value.
Later papers by the same two authors and by many others modified
the assumptions and changed this conclusion. We now think that
capital structure decisions do affect a firm's value and corporate
managers should understand better the financing alternatives that
are available.
One of the most important financial decisions is the decision to
buy or lease assets. The leasing industry is large and getting
larger. Unfortunately, it is very easy for a firm to evaluate
incorrectly lease alternatives (see Chapter 12).
The capital structure decision is one of the three most
important financial decisions that management make (the
distribution of earnings and the capital budgeting decisions are
the other two contenders). Managers should increase their
understanding of capital structure alternatives and remember that
choosing the best capital structure is an art and not an exact
simple calculation. But applying the art can be improved with
understanding.
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