This book is a tribute to two very unhappy kids once upon a time,
my mother Else Margrethe Widerberg and her brother Frans (Frantz
Gustav) Widerberg, who grew up with a father who was abusing them,
fysically, mentally and sexually. Now Else Margrethe has been dead
some years, and Frans is a very old man. He is a famous Norwegian
painter, but the self-therapist side of his art hasn't been seen or
recognized. He seems to have been confusing the critics, probably
because the story of child abuse and incest has been a very big
shame for the family. Definitions of art therapy vary due to its
origins in two fields: art and psychotherapy. It can focus on the
art-making process as therapeutic in and of itself ("art as
therapy") or it can be "art in therapy" (art psychotherapy). The
psychoanalytic approach was the earliest form of art psychotherapy.
This approach employs the transference process between the
therapist and the client who makes art. The therapist interprets
the client's symbolic self-expression as communicated in the art
and elicits interpretations from the client. Analysis of
transference is no longer always a component. Current art therapy
includes a vast number of other approaches such as:
Person-Centered, Cognitive, Behavior, Gestalt, Narrative, Adlerian,
Family (Systems) and more. The tenets of art therapy involve
humanism, creativity, reconciling emotional conflicts, fostering
self-awareness, and personal growth. Various definitions of the
term "art therapy" exist, each reflecting the historical narrative
or theoretical underpinnings of its proponents. The British
Association of Art Therapists defines art therapy as: ..".a form of
psychotherapy that uses art media as its primary mode of
communication. It is practised by qualified, registered Art
Therapists who work with children, young people, adults and the
elderly. Clients who can use art therapy may have a wide range of
difficulties, disabilities or diagnoses. These include, for
example, emotional, behavioral or mental health problems, learning
or physical disabilities, life-limiting conditions, brain-injury or
neurological conditions and physical illness. Art therapy may be
provided for groups, or for individuals, depending on clients'
needs. It is not a recreational activity or an art lesson, although
the sessions can be enjoyable. Clients do not need to have any
previous experience or expertise in art." The American Art Therapy
Association defines art therapy as: ..".the therapeutic use of art
making, within a professional relationship, by people who
experience illness, trauma or challenges in living, and by people
who seek personal development. Through creating art and reflecting
on the art products and processes, people can increase awareness of
self and others cope with symptoms, stress and traumatic
experiences; enhance cognitive abilities; and enjoy the
life-affirming pleasures of making art." "Art therapy is a mental
health profession that uses the creative process of art making to
improve and enhance the physical, mental and emotional well-being
of individuals of all ages. It is based on the belief that the
creative process involved in artistic self-expression helps people
to resolve conflicts and problems, develop interpersonal skills,
manage behaviour, reduce stress, increase self-esteem and
self-awareness, and achieve insight. Art therapy integrates the
fields of human development, visual art (drawing, painting,
sculpture, and other art forms), and the creative process with
models of counseling and psychotherapy."
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