In 1631, when the Dutch tried to develop plantation agriculture in
the Delaware Valley, the Lenape Indians destroyed the colony of
Swanendael and killed its residents. The Natives and Dutch quickly
negotiated peace, avoiding an extended war through diplomacy and
trade. The Lenapes preserved their political sovereignty for the
next fifty years as Dutch, Swedish, Finnish, and English colonists
settled the Delaware Valley. The European outposts did not approach
the size and strength of those in Virginia, New England, and New
Netherland. Even after thousands of Quakers arrived in West New
Jersey and Pennsylvania in the late 1670s and '80s, the region
successfully avoided war for another seventy-five years. Lenape
Country is a sweeping narrative history of the multiethnic society
of the Delaware Valley in the seventeenth and early eighteenth
centuries. After Swanendael, the Natives, Swedes, and Finns avoided
war by focusing on trade and forging strategic alliances in such
events as the Dutch conquest, the Mercurius affair, the Long Swede
conspiracy, and English attempts to seize land. Drawing on a wide
range of sources, author Jean R. Soderlund demonstrates that the
hallmarks of Delaware Valley society-commitment to personal
freedom, religious liberty, peaceful resolution of conflict, and
opposition to hierarchical government-began in the Delaware Valley
not with Quaker ideals or the leadership of William Penn but with
the Lenape Indians, whose culture played a key role in shaping
Delaware Valley society. The first comprehensive account of the
Lenape Indians and their encounters with European settlers before
Pennsylvania's founding, Lenape Country places Native culture at
the center of this part of North America.
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