Do the pressures of economic globalization undermine the welfare
state? Contrary to the expectations of many analysts, Taiwan and
South Korea have embarked on a new trajectory, toward a
strengthened welfare state and universal inclusion. In Healthy
Democracies, Joseph Wong offers a political explanation for health
care reform in these two countries. He focuses specifically on the
ways in which democratic change in Taiwan and South Korea altered
the incentives and ultimately the decisions of policymakers and
social policy activists in contemporary health care debates.Wong
uses extensive field research and interviews to explore both
similarities and subtle differences in the processes of political
change and health care reform in Taiwan and South Korea. During the
period of authoritarian rule, he argues, state leaders in both
places could politically afford to pursue selective social policies
reform was piecemeal and health care policy outcomes far from
universal. Wong finds that the introduction of democratic reform
changed the political logic of social policy reform: vote-seeking
politicians needed to promote popular policies, and health care
reform advocates, from bureaucrats to grassroots activists, adapted
to this new political context. In Wong's view, the politics of
democratic transition in Taiwan and South Korea has served as an
effective antidote to the presumed economic imperatives of social
welfare retrenchment during the process of globalization."
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